Three different ionene polymers with varying quaternary ammonium moieties were used as a proof of concept for the formulation of antisense oligonucleotides, which are capable of inhibiting Renilla luciferase messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Cationic vesicles, consisting of cationic polymer, antisense oligonucleotide (Luc) and non-ionic surfactant polysorbate 80, were investigated regarding th...

Hereditary fructose intolerance is a rare inherited metabolic disorder. Although fructose intolerance usually presents in the paediatric age group, individuals can survive into adulthood by self.manipulation of diet. Hospitalisation can become a high.risk environment for these individuals because of loss of control of their strict dietary constraints and the added danger of administration of me...

Paclitaxel (Taxol) and docetaxel (Taxotere) have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis at low concentrations that do not affect cancer cell proliferation. Here, we used rat aortic rings and human umbilical vein endothelial cells to evaluate the influence of their formulation vehicles Cremophor EL and polysorbate 80, as well as serum binding proteins on taxane-mediated antiangiogenesis. The data sh...

As a result of the synthesis protocol polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80, PS80) is highly complex mixture compounds. PS80 was therefore separated into its main constituents, e.g. isosorbide esters and esters, as well mono- di- polyesters using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. In this comprehensive study individual components their ethoxylation level were veri...

Polysorbates (PSs) are synthetic nonionic surfactants consisting of polyethoxy sorbitan fatty acid esters. PSs have been widely employed as emulsifiers and stabilizers in various drug formulations food additives. Recently, PS-based developed for safe efficient delivery. This review introduces the general features carriers, summarizes recent progress development formulations, discusses physicoch...

Magnetic nanoclusters (MNCs) are agglomerated individual magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) that show great promise in increasing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sensitivity. Here, we report an effective strategy to engineer MNCs based on double-ligand modulation to enhance MRI sensitivity. The oleic acid-coated individual MNPs self-assembled and then were enveloped by polysorbate 80, using a nanoe...

The structures of micelles of the surfactant polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) in 0-50% aqueous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solutions (pH 7.2, ionic strength 2.44 mM) were investigated by means of small-angle X-ray scattering. At all the tested DMF concentrations, core-shell cylinder micelles formed; that is, increasing the concentration of DMF did not result in changes in the shape of the micelles. Th...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The scenario in medical education is changing with objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) being introduced as an assessment tool. Its successful implementation in anaesthesiology postgraduate evaluation process is still limited. We decided to to evaluate the effectiveness of OSCE and compare it to conventional examinations as formative assessment tools in anaesthes...