BACKGROUND To present the outcomes of the tarsal switch procedure using an anterior approach to correct severe ptosis with poor levator muscle function (<4 mm) with absent or poor Bell's phenomenon. METHODS This retrospective case series included 11 patients with severe neurogenic or acquired myogenic palpebral ptosis. All patients underwent the tarsal switch procedure through an anterior app...

A 46-year-old patient with bilateral ptosis and poor levator function was scheduled for ptosis surgery. Frontal suspension surgery with autogenous fascia lata1,2 was planned under general anesthesia. Patient had a history of type-II diabetes mellitus and poor control of blood glucose level. He was a heavy smoker and had decreased breath sounds bilaterally on chest examination. We decided to per...

PURPOSE To study the effect of autogenous fascia lata sling (AFLS) versus Gore-Tex suspension (GTS) regarding the functional and aesthetic outcomes in patients with bilateral congenital ptosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective comparative randomized single-center study enrolled 110 patients with bilateral congenital ptosis. One group (n=55) underwent AFLS and the second group (n=55) underwe...

The urethral rhabdosphincter and pelvic floor muscles are important in maintenance of urinary continence and in preventing descent of pelvic organs [i.e., pelvic organ prolapse (POP)]. Despite its clinical importance and complexity, a comprehensive review of neural control of the rhabdosphincter and pelvic floor muscles is lacking. The present review places historical and recent basic science f...

Studies were performed on the levator palpebrae superioris muscle, isolated from foetuses aged 17 to 30 weeks. The number of muscle spindles varied from 2 in the 17th week to 7 in the 30th week. The length of the muscle spindles ranged from 20 to 500 microm, and the diameter varied from 10 to 70 microm. These observations show that the number of muscle spindles in levator palpebrae superioris m...

To explore the efficacy of modified shortening levator palpebrae superioris muscle on patients with ptosis. A total 78 mild or moderate ptosis admitted to our hospital were enrolled and assigned a control group an observation group. Patients in treated frontalis suspension those two groups was compared. The effective correction rate significantly higher than that ( 92.59 % vs. 78.72 %) at 1st 7...