the arid zone encompasses land that has an imbalance between precipitation and losses through evaporation. globally, arid zones comprise large part of many countries in the mid-latitudes in both the northern and the southern hemispheres. both australia and iran are countries with a large arid zone. this negative water balance in the arid zone affects the type of land use in these countries. at ...

the objectives of present investigations were to optimize concentration of oil, surfactant and cosurfactant by pseudoternary phase diagrams and to develop a stable formulation of self emulsifying drug delivery system (sedds) in order to enhance the dissolution rate of poorly soluble irbesartan (ibs) by sedds. pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to identify the self emulsifying region....

This paper discusses the changes in the water law under the new dispensation in South Africa from a poverty perspective. The focus is on the early experiences of implementation of one of the components of the National Water Act: establishing Catchment Management Agencies. From the diversity of experiences in decentralizing integrated water management, key areas emerge where steering by the gove...

Aims and method To identify causes of stress at work as well as individual, organisational and personal interventions used by employees to manage stress in public, private and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Qualitative interviews were conducted with 51 employees from a range of organisations. Results Participants reported adverse working conditions and management practices as common cau...

The Mississippi Delta Management Systems Evaluation Area (MD-MSEA) project was established in 1994 in three small watersheds (202 to 1,497 ha) that drain into oxbow lakes (Beasley, Deep Hollow, and Thighman). The primary research objective was to assess the implications of management practices on water quality. Monthly monitoring of herbicide concentrations in lake water was conducted from 2000...

The most persistent obstacles for the sustainable management of water resources lie in the realm of water governance. Numerous recommendations often relying on simplistic ‘standard’ panaceas have been put forward for water governance reform without testing of appropriateness in diverse contexts. Here we present the first comprehensive comparative analysis of complex water governance and managem...

FOREWORD One of the most exciting new trends in water quality management today is the movement by many cities, counties, states, and private-sector developers toward the increased use of Low Impact Development (LID) to help protect and restore water quality. LID comprises a set of approaches and practices that are designed to reduce runoff of water and pollutants from the site at which they are...

BACKGROUND Over half of births and newborn care occur in primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria, but information on activities of personnel working there is scarce. AIM To assess the knowledge and practices relating to neonatal jaundice (NNJ) among community health workers (CHWs) and community birth attendants (CBAs) in Nigeria. SETTING We conducted a cross-sectional survey of all 227 CHW...