This paper describes the effect of external chloride on the typical swelling response induced in duck red cells by hypertonicity or norepinephrine. Lowering chloride inhibits swelling and produces concomitant changes in net movements of sodium and potassium in ouabain-treated cells, which resemble the effect of lowering external sodium or potassium. Inhibition is the same whether chloride is re...

Analyzing values of two different machines for the same parameter allocates clinician’s discretion for medical decisions and important tool for method validation. Electrolyte samples of 635 patients were measured using ABG and Dry chemistry analyzer. The Mean for Sodium by Dry chemistry analyzer was 134.6 (±7. 59) and by ABG analyzer 134.1 (±7. 57), that of Potassium 3.7 (±0. 7) and 3.5 (±0. 67...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the compaction property of several pharmaceutical materials by measuring the die wall pressure. The profile of die wall force during tabletting process was measured with the compaction process analyzer (TabAll). Several compaction parameters such as maximum die wall pressure (MDP), residual die wall pressure (RDP) and pressure transmission ratio (PTR) from ...

The changes in the membrane permeability to sodium, potassium, and chloride ions as well as the changes in the intracellular concentration of these ions were studied on frog sartorius muscles in Ca-free EDTA solution. It was found that the rate constants for potassium and chloride efflux became almost constant within 10 minutes in the absence of external calcium ions, that for potassium increas...