The flow field or multidimensional velocity distribution of the coolant in fuel rod bundles reactor core pressurized water reactors (PWRs) is an important parameter that revealed through experimental investigations. This paper presents two-dimensional (2D) profile measurement using a two-element ultrasonic transducer with both elements acting as transceiver. size minimized for compactness, lead...

Caveolae in endothelial cells have been implicated as plasma membrane microdomains that sense or transduce hemodynamic changes into biochemical signals that regulate vascular function. Therefore we compared long- and short-term flow-mediated mechanotransduction in vessels from WT mice, caveolin-1 knockout (Cav-1 KO) mice, and Cav-1 KO mice reconstituted with a transgene expressing Cav-1 specifi...

The performance of an externally pressurized gas journal bearing lubricated with R134a vapor used in oil-free refrigeration centrifugal compressor is calculated by solving Reynold equations the finite difference method (CFD). load capacity, stiffness and mass flow rate refrigerant under conditions various operational parameters are obtained compared that air bearings. In addition, influences av...

Spontaneous transient outward K(+) currents (STOCs) elicited by Ca(2+) sparks and steady-state K(+) currents modulate vascular reactivity, but effects of artery size, diabetic dyslipidemia, and exercise on these differentially regulated K(+) currents are unclear. We studied the conduit arteries and microvessels of male Yucatan swine assigned to one of three groups for 20 wk: control (C, n = 7),...

PURPOSE Pressurized metered dose inhalers are commonly used in patients with asthma. However, the need to coordinate inhalation with inhaler actuation means that they are not suitable for use per se. Valved holding chamber devices were developed to overcome some of the problems of pressurized metered dose inhalers. Several types of holding chambers of different sizes are available in Iran. This...

BACKGROUND Patients with chronic postural headaches may suffer from spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Trauma, degenerative disc spurring and connective tissue disorders are documented risk factors; in most cases there is no inciting event. Despite sophisticated means of evaluating the neuraxis, many cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are radiographically occult and treatment is focused o...

A patient is placed in a pressure chamber and breathes oxygen in order to increase the oxygenation of an organ or tissue which has been rendered anoxic or ischaemic by disease or accident. The theory is simple; successful practical application depends on the appreciation of certain difficulties. Table I shows the "ideal" alveolar oxygen partial pressures which are attainable with oxygen at 1 an...