BACKGROUND Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease; little is known, however, about thoracic aortic calcification (AC). Our goal was to characterize risk factors for CAC and AC and to estimate the genetic contribution to their variation. METHODS AND RESULTS The presence and quantity of CAC and AC were measured with electron beam compu...

Pacific children and adolescents are burdened with higher prevalences of obesity compared to other groups in New Zealand. Previous research shows Pacific young people purchase their lunch food items significantly more than other groups. The aim of this study is to describe school lunch food consumption patterns and the influences on these among low-income Pacific adolescents and their parents. ...

We investigated discrimination of large quantities in salamanders of the genus Plethodon. Animals were challenged with two different quantities (8 vs 12 or 8 vs 16) in a two-alternative choice task. Stimuli were live crickets, videos of live crickets or images animated by a computer program. Salamanders reliably chose the larger of two quantities when the ratio between the sets was 1:2 and stim...

We live in the era of rankings. Universities are being ranked, journals are being ranked, and researchers are being ranked. In this era of rankings, the value of researchers is measured in the number of their papers published, the citations they received, and the volume of grant income earned. Academia today is governed by one simple rule: more is better. The idea to reward those who are produc...

We set up a symmetric two-country model with two multinationals competing on the quantities and possibly manipulating their transfer prices. Governments choose both the corporate profit tax rate and the level of enforcement of the “arm’s length” principle. We show that stronger enforcement increases equilibrium tax rates. We also find that a larger international ownership of multinationals lead...

OBJECTIVE The optimal method of determining how many people in the general population need help for emotional problems remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of self-perceived need for mental health services (that is, help seeking and perceived need) in a large, population-based sample. METHODS Data came from the Canadian Community Health Survey 1.2 (n = 36...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of completed elective total hip replacements in a defined elderly population. DESIGN Cross sectional postal questionnaire survey with additional data and validation from general practice and hospital records. SETTING Six general practices in the English counties of Avon, Somerset, and Oxfordshire. SUBJECTS A total of 7806 patients aged 65 years and ov...