This article studies the effects of adaptive changes in predator and/or prey activities on the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey population dynamics. The model assumes the classical foraging-predation risk trade-offs: increased activity increases population growth rate, but it also increases mortality rate. The model considers three scenarios: prey only are adaptive, predators only are adaptive, and...

Cannibalism is ubiquitous in natural communities and has the potential to alter the functional relationship of predator–prey interactions. Although cannibalistic species are frequently subject to predation, the consequences of cannibalism in the prey for predator–prey interactions are poorly understood. Using a dragonfly larvae system, I provide the first experimental evidence that cannibalism ...

here, a predator-prey model with hassell-varley type functional responses is studied. some sufficient conditions are obtained for the permanence and global asymptotic stability of the system by using comparison theorem and constructing a suitable lyapunov functional. moreover, an example is illustrated to verify the results by simulation.

where αu models the birth of the prey, βuv models death of the prey by being captured by predators, ρβuv models the rate of birth of the predators (which depends on how many prey are captured), and γv models the death of the predators. The basic model exhibits solutions which have periodic oscillating predator and prey populations. There is one non-trivial steady-state which is a center which i...

By incorporating a prey refuge, this paper proposes new discrete Leslie–Gower predator–prey systems with and without Allee effect. The existence of fixed points are established and the stability of fixed points are discussed by analyzing the modulus of characteristic roots. Keywords—Leslie–Gower; predator–prey model; prey refuge; Allee effect.

BACKGROUND Bayesian mixing models have allowed for the inclusion of uncertainty and prior information in the analysis of trophic interactions using stable isotopes. Formulating prior distributions is relatively straightforward when incorporating dietary data. However, the use of data that are related, but not directly proportional, to diet (such as prey availability data) is often problematic b...

In this paper we analyse a predator-prey model where the prey population shows group defense and the prey individuals are affected by a transmissible disease. The resulting model is of the Rosenzweig-MacArthur predator-prey type with an SI (susceptible-infected) disease in the prey. Modeling prey group defense leads to a square root dependence in the Holling type II functional for the predator-...

-A model that weighs the energetic cost of parasitism for a predator against the energetic value of prey items that transmit the parasite to the predator suggests that there is often no selective pressure to avoid parasitized prey. This offers an explanation for why parasites so frequently exploit predators and prey as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. Furthermore, predators may ...