This paper analyzes the distribution and density functions of the probability of error for Rayleigh and Rician fading channels with diversity. An expression for the signal-to-noise ratio is derived for an asynchronous CDMA (A-CDMA) system with diversity. The error probability distribution and density functions are derived and plotted for different mean energy-to-noise ratios.

We discuss the assessment of breakdown probabilities by means of the up-and-down method. The exact maximum likelihood estimates for a number of response patterns are calculated for three different distribution functions and are compared with the estimates corresponding to the normal distribution. Estimates of the 50% probability breakdown voltage and of the scale parameter of the breakdown prob...

The paper studies large scale mixed integer reformulation approach to stochastic programming problems containing probability and quantile functions, under assumption of discreteness of the probability distribution involved. Jointly with general sample approximation technique and contemporary mixed integer programming solvers the approach gives a regular framework to solution of practical probab...

the rock masses in a construction site of underground cavern are generally not continuous, due to the presence of discontinuities, such as bedding, joints, faults, and fractures. the performance of an underground cavern is principally ruled by the mechanical behaviors of the discontinuities in the vicinity of the cavern. during underground excavation, many surrounding rock failures have close r...

Although there exist advanced models which predict beach profile for natural beaches, the behavior of the beaches in front of seawalls still suffers from the lack of appropriate theoretical models and sufficient measured data. In this paper, following the results obtained from the measurements, a beach profile evolution model is developed, using the measured probability distribution of the nea...