Impaired driving is a leading cause of alcohol-related deaths and injuries. Rehabilitation or remedial programs, involving assessment and screening of convicted impaired drivers to determine problem severity and appropriate programs, are an important component of society's response to this problem. Ontario's remedial program, Back on Track (BOT), involves an assessment process that includes adm...

Background It has been reported that the causes of alcoholism are bio-socio-psycho-faceted. The present of psychological dysfunctions which are subsequently followed by alcohol-use can result in alcoholism (second line causes of alcohol-related problems) [1,2]. But many studies have failed to recognize the fact that psycho-behavioral patterns of people (without any psychological dysfunctions) c...

BACKGROUND We conducted a sibling/twin/adoption study of substance initiation, use, and problem use, estimating the relative contribution of genetic and environmental influences on these phenotypes in adolescents. METHODS The participants were 345 monozygotic twin pairs, 337 dizygotic twin pairs, 306 biological sibling pairs, and 74 adoptive sibling pairs assessed by the Colorado Center for t...

Religious affiliation, spirituality, and spiritual practices often have been studied as protective factors in the prevention and treatment of hazardous alcohol consumption (defined as drinking at a level that causes significant problems in functioning or that increases potential harms) and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Specifically, researchers have been interested in whether spirituality and spi...

This study focused on the duration of participation in professional treatment and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) for previously untreated individuals with alcohol use disorders. These individuals were surveyed at baseline and 1 year, 3 years, 8 years, and 16 years later. Compared with individuals who remained untreated, individuals who obtained 27 weeks or more of treatment in the first year after s...

AIMS A literature review of existing research on the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and availability of alcohol interventions in Europe was conducted. The review also explored what is known about the gap between need and provision of alcohol interventions in Europe. METHODS The review search strategy included: (i) descriptive studies of alcohol intervention systems in Europe; (ii)...

Treatment techniques and tools to address alcohol use disorders (AUDs)* have multiplied over the last 30 years, moving beyond models based on Alcoholics Anonymous and its offshoot, the Minnesota Model. Care providers now can prescribe medications to aid people as they work to reduce their drinking. If a traditional mutualhelp group model of care does not appeal to a patient, he or she has other...

INTRODUCTION Hazardous drinking is characterized by decisions to engage in excessive or risky patterns of alcohol consumption. Levels of impulsivity and behavioral approach and inhibition may differ in hazardous drinkers and nonhazardous drinkers. A comparison of the relative levels of dimensions of impulsivity and behavioral inhibition and approach in adult men and women hazardous and nonhazar...

OBJECTIVE Studies show that emerging adults who do not obtain postsecondary education are at greater risk for developing alcohol use disorders later in life relative to their college-attending peers. Research examining constructs amenable to change within this population is necessary to inform intervention efforts. Thus, the current study aimed to identify psychosocial correlates of risky alcoh...

ALCOHOL HEALTH & RESEARCH WORLD Research on the efficacy 1 of treatments for alcohol use disorders (AUD’s) has become considerably more rigorous in recent years, and methodological features that were rarely seen in clinical trials as recently as 10 years ago have now become standard practice (Miller et al. 1995; Morley et al. 1996). The increasing sophistication of treatment outcome research ha...