closed-loop supply chain network (clscn) design aims at incorporating environmental considerations into the traditional supply chain design by including recycling, disassembly and reuse activities. in a clscn, the environmental considerations can also be facilitated by resorting to environmentally friendly materials and enhancing product reuse through the design of an appropriate product recove...

This site provides a good overview of the different aspects of product recovery in biotechnology, from proteins to small molecules. Downstream processing refers to the recovery and purification of products from biotechnological processes. This short article provides links to further information on different aspects of the process.

Appropriate vendor response to service failures (i.e., service recovery) may provide a means to strengthen their customer relationships. Service recovery is a well-investigated concept in the bricks-and-mortar environment, and there is a growing body of empirical research exploring service failure and recovery in the electronic environment. The present study addresses a gap in the literature by...

Tracking, diagnosis and recovery of the nonconformance in a manufacturing system is a time consuming and tedious process, which could result in substantial delays in the production process. Therefore it is imperative to develop an intelligent system that can track the nonconformance and provide timely diagnostic recovery. Since the current analysis techniques are either qualitative or quantitat...

I this study, we investigate the effects of recovery yield rate on pricing decisions in reverse supply chains. Motivated by the automotive parts remanufacturing industry, we consider an end-of-life product from which a particular part can be recovered and remanufactured for reuse, and the remainder of the product can be recycled for material recovery. Both the supply of end-of-life products and...

The recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge ash samples obtained from 7 operating sludge incinerators in the UK using a sulfuric acid washing procedure to produce a technical grade phosphoric acid product has been investigated. The influences of reaction time, sulfuric acid concentration, liquid to solid ratio and source of ISSA on P recovery have been examined. The optimised conditions were ...

The most important step for Paraquat analysis in post-mortem human blood (PMB) is its extraction from the specimens, as Paraquat is insoluble in organic solvents due to its ionic form. The most common extraction method, solid phase extraction (SPE), has been used for the extraction of Paraquat from PMB. However, SPE procedures are somewhat time-consuming, and resulted in unsatisfactory recovery...

This study was designed to determine which combination of sorbent-trap and elution solvent provided the most efficient automated method of collection in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), elution of analytes, and clean-up of orange, sweet potato and green bean extracts for analysis of 56 diverse pesticides using GC-ion-trap MS. The solid-phase traps evaluated consisted of octyldecylsilane (O...

A novel method is developed for separating and enriching pyrethroid pesticides from vegetables by solvent sublation, and determination of the pyrethroids is performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The effects of organic solvent, pH of the solution, nitrogen flow rate, and sublation time on the sublation efficiency of pyrethroids are investigated in detail, and the optimal co...

Managers often face difficulties when making project decisions that involve large number of interrelated activities – the planning and scheduling of which is project management. Most problems often arise in areas such as product development, production planning and control and setting up the production facilities. One important aspect of project management is activity crashing, i.e. reducing th...