According to available estimates with WHO, cancers are the sixth leading cause of global human morbidity and mortality. Prostate Cancer is fifth-ranked most lethal among various cancers, hence it warrants serious, dedicated research for improving its early detection. The employed methodologies such as prostate-specific antigen test, Gleason Score, T2 Staging lack precision accuracy in condition...

Laser-assisted microdissection has mainly been used in cancer studies to excise pure cell populations from heterogeneous tissues. Cancer and normal cells selected by laser-assisted microdissection have frequently been used for mRNA expression studies usually by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Recently, real time immuno-qPCR was developed as a new tool for hi...

prostate cancer is the second common form of cancer in men. detection of circulating prostate specific antigen (psa) transcripts has effectively been used for early diagnosis of prostate cancer cells. this investigation employed a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) technique to distinguish the patients with either localized or metastatic prostate cancer (cap) vs. benign pr...

A special form of prostate cancer is non-metastatic castration-resistant cancer. Patients with this have rising prostate-specific antigen and castrate testosterone levels, no radiological findings metastatic disease on computed tomography bone scan. The phase III trials demonstrated apalutamide, darolutamide or enzalutamide to be associated a significantly longer median metastasis-free survival...

Androgen ablation is palliative and does not cure advanced prostate cancer. The hormone-sensitive cells die and the hormone-resistant cells overgrow, resulting in disease progression. The drug of choice for secondary treatment is estramustine (Estracyt). The success of the therapy is followed by changes of the prostate-specific antigen level and Karnofsky scale. In the present study, the result...