Memory plays a major role in Artificial Neural Networks. Without memory, Neural Network can not be learned itself. One of the primary concepts of memory in neural networks is Associative neural memories. A survey has been made on associative neural memories such as Simple associative memories (SAM), Dynamic associative memories (DAM), Bidirectional Associative memories (BAM), Hopfield memories,...

Write{e cient memories (WEM) were introduced by Ahlswede/Zhang as a model for storing and updating information on a rewritable medium. We strengthen the capacity theorem by providing a full control of the rates of the spreads. Next we adress and settle the storage capacity region problem under the average costs constraint in the case of many users, who write on the memory in an arbitrary order,...

We introduce write{eecient memories (WEM) as a new model for storing and updating information on a rewritable medium. There is a cost ' : X X ! R 1 assigned to changes of letters.

The Center for the Management of Information (CMI) at the University of Arizona has been actively involved in research with various U.S. government organizations for nearly 20 years. This article details the years of evolutionary development and research conducted by CMI in an eGovernment setting that resulted in the creation of an Internet-based collaborative writing ((eWriting) tool, called C...

Improved survival is likely linked to the ability to generate stable memories of significant experiences. Considerable evidence in humans and mammalian model animals shows that steroid hormones, which are released in response to emotionally arousing experiences, have an important role in the consolidation of memories of such events. In insects, ecdysone is the major steroid hormone, and it is w...

Following learning, a memory is fragile and undergoes a protein synthesis-dependent consolidation process in order to become stable. Established memories can again become transiently sensitive to disruption if reactivated and require another protein synthesis-dependent process, known as reconsolidation, in order to persist. Here, we show that, in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), protein synthesi...

Sometimes humans have a need for storing long sequences of information in memory. Several experiments show that grouping the items in the sequence helps storing the sequence in auditory short-term memory. One architecture used by connectionist cognitive researchers when representing and processing sequences is Recursive Auto-Associative Memory. One of the aspects of it is that its capacity for ...

This paper presents the first live experimental results of a project aimed at developing semi-autonomy for a laparoscopic surgical robot. To achieve this goal, a special instrument-holder was designed with optical fibers and collimators. This instrument-holder projects laser dot patterns onto the organ surface which are seen in the endoscopic images. The instrument is manipulated by a commercia...

Using case studies and the case method of instruction (CMI) to improve teaching and learning has been reported in the education literature since the early 1900s. Their popularity increased in the 1950s. This paper discusses the effectiveness of using case studies and CMI as instructional strategies. To use CMI, teachers must change their teaching methods and encourage more student participation...