The cost of enforcing contracts is a key determinant of market performance. We document this point with reference to the credit market. We start by presenting a model of opportunistic debtors and inefficient courts. According to the model, improvements in judicial efficiency reduce credit rationing and increase lending, while have an ambiguous effect on interest rates, depending on banking comp...

Urban bias has long been China’s dominant economic policy. The persistent urban bias leads to a severe rural-urban income gap and diverts physical as well as an effect of diverting the rural resource out of agricultural sector, and thus is detrimental to agricultural growth. This paper uses China’s provincial panel data from 1978 to 2007 to investigate the diverting effects of the rural-urban i...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect government spending (Education, Health, Housing and Public Facilities, Social Protection), GRDP, DAU, population on poverty provinces in Indonesia. method uses Regression Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) panel model with 32 provinces. data used is secondary a period 2010-2020 sourced from Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Directorate Gene...

In the first half of the paper I study spurious regressions in panel data. Asymptotic properties of the least-squares dummy variable (LSDV) estimator and other conventional statistics are examined. The asymptotics of LSDV estimator are different from those of the spurious regression in the pure time-series. This has an important consequence for residual-based cointegration tests in panel data, ...

AIMS To propose a computerised image analysis based method for measuring, on paper mounted lung sections, the area macroscopically occupied by emphysema. METHODS The study was based on the assessment of 69 lung sections prepared following a modified Gough-Wentworth technique. The results obtained from image analysis, point counting, and panel grading methods were compared, as was the repeatab...

Does productivity growth increase or reduce unemployment? Theoretical and empirical analyses have generally provided mixed results. In this paper we analyze the empirical relationship between productivity and unemployment over different time frames using wavelet analysis. The scale-by-scale results from panel data and nonparametric regressions methods indicate that productivity-unemployment rel...

This paper determines alternative indexes to measure banking competition from the perspective of industrial economics. Spatial correlation of competition in China’s banking environment is studied from the perspective of spatial economics. A spatial panel data model is built to make an empirical study of factors influencing banking competition. The results show that the global autocorrelation te...

Cross sectional estimation of convergence regressions is known to be hazardous if there is convergence towards heterogeneous steady state values. In this paper, Monte Carlo methods are used to investigate the implications of this parameter heterogeneity problem. The cross sectional and pooled OLS estimators are compared with a panel estimator which is unaffected by heterogeneity. If there is he...

The sustainable economic development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a significant part China’s regional strategy. article selects panel data from 11 provinces region 2004 to 2020 and constructs spatial model threshold effect investigate impact energy technological innovation on real economy this region. result indicates that plays significantly beneficial role in supporting local economy...