Communication is a transaction in which man invents and assigns meanings to achieve its objectives. In this context, psychological theories of communication emphasize different components of human communication, including attitudes, intentions and conditions required for effective communication. In psychological models of communication, the source is influenced by its communicational abilities,...

Giving a robust account of personal identity has been a major metaphysical goal. There have been numerous accounts of exactly what constitutes personal identity, including theories of physical and psychological continuity. In this essay, I shall focus on the view of identity as psychological continuity and on how the recent ideas of teletransportation, fission and fusion affect such a view. I s...

Bonini et al. [2] present psychological data that they take to support an ‘epistemic’ account of how vague predicates are used in natural language. We argue that their data more strongly supports a ‘gap’ theory of vagueness, and that their arguments against gap theories are flawed. Additionally, we present more experimental evidence that supports gap theories, and argue for a semantic/pragmatic...

The author calls for a more systematic methodology for game studies. The paper introduces a set of methods for 'applied ludology', a practical hands-on analysis and design methodology. It complements theories of games as systems with psychological theories of cognition and emotions. A sample of casual games is used to highlight the use of the methods. In conclusion, the author presents a model ...

Beliefs about whether people can change ("lay theories" of malleability) are known to have wide-ranging effects on social motivation, cognition, and judgment. Yet rather than holding an overarching belief that people can or cannot change, perceivers may hold independent beliefs about whether different people are malleable-that is, lay theories may be target-specific. Seven studies demonstrate t...

This paper reviews a class of cognitive representations collectively known as mental models. These representations purport to integrate certain aspects of propositional and imagistic theories of knowledge representation while enabling more detailed theories of human cognitive behavior. This paper explores the nature of mental models by considering basic philosophical issues including ontology a...

If we know that certain ways of making decisions are associated with real-life success, is this then how we should decide? In this paper the relationship between normative and descriptive theories of decision-making is examined. First, it is shown that the history of the decision sciences ensures that it is impossible to separate descriptive theories from normative ones. Second, recent psycholo...

Multiple psychological theories of causal learning provide case-by-case updating rules: given my current causal beliefs about the world and a novel case, how should I change those beliefs? Most of these theories predict some type of order effect: biased and unbiased sequences of cases will lead to different final causal beliefs, even if the overall statistics are identical. This paper describes...

Although controversies about psychoanalytic theory differ in important respects from the intrapsychic conflicts that are its subject, there are close links between the two types of "conflict," as well as some significant similarities. The unconscious conflicts of individual theorists and the latent psychological content of their theories may be the subject of applied analysis, and in some cases...

the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of psychological capital and job engagement on reduce job burnout of nurses . this study, as a matter of goal or purpose, is an applied research and the way of collecting the data is descriptive and in the form of correlation; and clearly based on the structural equation model (sem).in this research, firstly the theoretical model and the theori...