The discussion of electric fields has ignored the influence of matter on the  field except for the discussion of  fields in electric conductors. The behavior of matter in electric fields can greatly influence the  field as shown for the case of a good conductor. The response of matter to an electric field falls into two main categories, polarization of bound charges in atoms or molecules, an...

Novel telluride glasses with high electrical conductivity, wide infrared transparency and good resistance to crystallization are used to design an opto-electrophoretic sensor for detection and identification of hazardous microorganisms. The sensor is based on an attenuated total reflectance element made of Ge-As-Te glass that serves as both an optical sensing zone and an electrode for driving t...

The responsive behavior of methanethiol and methylthiolate molecules on the Au(111) surface with an applied electrical potential is studied, and it is shown how the sulfur adsorption site, the S-H bond orientation and the interacting energy change with an external electric field strength. The electron charge density corresponding to an electric field minus that obtained in zero field, with zero...

The effect of a stationary electric field on a water droplet with a diameter of several tens micrometers in oil was examined. Such a droplet exhibits repetitive translational motion between the electrodes in a spontaneous manner. The state diagram of this oscillatory motion was deduced; at 0-20 V the droplet is fixed at the surface of the electrode, at 20-70 V the droplet exhibits small-amplitu...

The ability to tune both magnetic and electric properties in magnetoelectric (ME) composite heterostructures is crucial for multiple transduction applications including energy harvesting or magnetic field sensing, or other transduction devices. While large ME coupling achieved through interfacial strain-induced rotation of magnetic anisotropy in magnetostrictive/piezoelectric multiferroic heter...

Residential electrical wiring safety practices in the US result in the possibility of a small voltage (up to a few tenths of a volt) on appliance surfaces with respect to water pipes or other grounded surfaces. This "open circuit voltage" (V(OC)) will cause "contact current" to flow in a person who touches the appliance and completes an electrical circuit to ground. This paper presents data sug...

We present a procedure to obtain electron attachment and ionization rates in a pulsed Townsend experiment. Temporal drift currents for electrons and ions are analyzed using electron and ion current models. Measurements are performed in a highly automated pulsed Townsend setup in CO2 to determine electron attachment and ionization rates as well as ion drift velocities of positive and negative io...

Applied spectroscopy is a powerful diagnostic tool for high energy density plasmas produced with modern pulsed power facilities. These facilities create unique plasma environments with a broad range of electron densities 1013–1023 cm−3 and temperatures 100–103 eV immersed in strong magnetic 100 T and electric up to 1 GV/m fields. This paper surveys the application of plasma spectroscopy to diag...

The effect of a uniform electric field on the bulk and interfacial properties of a model dipolar fluid is investigated by using a modified mean-field density functional theory. Particular attention is given to the dependence of the vapor-liquid phase coexistence in a slab-shaped system on the direction of the electric field with respect to the slab surfaces, as well as in the sphere-shaped syst...

Focusing suspended particles in a fluid into a single file is often necessary prior to continuous-flow detection, analysis, and separation. Electrokinetic particle focusing has been demonstrated in constricted microchannels by the use of the constriction-induced dielectrophoresis. However, previous studies on this subject have been limited to Newtonian fluids only. We report in this paper an ex...