The Kyoto Protocol on climate change allocates tradable quotas to developed countries, but let them free to choose the means to respect their quota. There are good reasons for a country not to control its firms through internationally tradable permits. We thus compare a tax and purely domestic tradable permits, for the European Union, the U.S and Japan. Information on abatement costs and intern...

In this paper I study the e¤ects of environmental regulation which establishes upper and lower binding targets to pollution emissions. Essentially, I deal with the properties of a stochastic model of pollution control in continuous-time under emission targets and uncertainty, emphasizing dynamic nonlinearities. Inside the targets pollution behaves as if it were freely ‡oating until it hits one ...

Germany’s energy transition has been accompanied by a near doubling of power prices for private households since the outset of the new millennium. Millions of poor households and those that are close to the poverty threshold are likely to suff er from these increases in electricity cost. Focusing on low-income households, this paper illustrates the distributional implications of Germany’s energ...

In this article we study the implication of thresholds in preferences. To model this we extend the basic model of John and Pecchenino (1994) by allowing the current level of environmental quality to have a discrete impact on how an agent trades off future consumption and environmental quality. In other words, we endogenize the semi-elasticity of utility based on a step function. We motivate the...

We study three corporate non-market strategies designed to in‡uence the lobbying behavior of other special interest groups concerning environmental and/or health and safety issues: 1) “astroturf,” in which the ...rm covertly subsidizes a group with similar views to lobby when it normally would not, 2) the “bearhug,” in which the ...rm overtly subsidizes the lobbying activities of another intere...

A common strategy for limiting the total annual catch in a fishery is to restrict entry and season length. We examine the results of this strategy when entry limitation amounts to a limit on capital, but fishing firms can vary an unrestricted input, and thereby use the restricted input more intensively. Under these regulatory constraints, fishing firms will earn rents that depend on the elastic...

Cytogenetic study of short-term cultures from 10 adipose tissue tumors (eight lipomas, one myxoid liposarcoma, and one mixed liposarcoma) have revealed clonal chromosome abnormalities in seven cases. In both malignant tumors, translocation (12;16) was the sole aberration, and in the mixed liposarcoma, the breakpoints could be sublocalized to bands 12q13.3 and 16p11.2, thus confirming findings o...

BACKGROUND Leiomyosarcoma of the fallopian tube is an extremely unusual gynecologic neoplasm. Since 1886, only 19 of about 35 sarcomas of the fallopian tube have been identified as leiomyosarcomas. As such, clinical diagnosis and therapy management are difficult. CASE REPORT We report on the case of a 59-year-old woman with leiomyosarcoma of the fallopian tube and liver metastases at the time...

Genes MAGE, BAGE, GAGE, and LAGE-1/NY-ESO-1 code for antigens that are recognized on melanoma cells by autologous CTLs. Because the pattern of expression of these genes results in the presence of antigens on many tumors of various histological types and not on normal tissues, these antigens qualify for cancer immunotherapy. To identify new genes with tumor-specific expression, we applied a cDNA...

A review of the Southern Hemisphere Mesozoic tribosphenic mammal fossil record supports hypothesis that Tribosphenida arose in during Early Jurassic, around 50 million years prior to clade’s reliably dated first appearance Northern Hemisphere. mammals are known from Australia, Madagascar, South America and Indian subcontinent, classified into three families: Bishopidae (fam. nov.), Ausktribosph...