At the beginning of twenty-first century, the water crisis in the priority policy andmanagement is inside and outside of the country as principle thoroughly human, social,economic and political rulers of the country is considered abundant. The World Bank hasannounced that during 1960 and 2025, water resources in Middle East, from 3430 m3 for theeach person in year reach to 667 m3 because of pop...

introduction: the relationship between depression and coronary artery disease is well established; however assessment of this relationship using functional and semi-quantitative imaging (myocardial perfusion scintigraphy) was lacking. the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the severity of depression and the severity of myocardial perfusion abnormality. methods: patients we...

Magnetic resonance imaging enhances the clinical diagnosis of Menière's disease. This is accomplished by in vivo detection of endolymphatic hydrops, which are graded using different semi-quantitative grading systems. We evaluated an established, semi-quantitative endolymphatic hydrops score and with a quantitative method for volumetric assessment of the endolymphatic size. 11 patients with Meni...

A selective, sensitive, rapid and simple-handling analytical method for the determination of cyanide at low detection limits in surface and underground water, soil and industrial waste samples was developed. The method is based on a reaction, proposed by Guilbault and Kramer, where free cyanide reacts with p-nitrobenzaldehyde to form an intermediate cyanohydrin, which reacts with o-dinitrobenze...

Many extensions to existing qualitative simulation packages allow combined use of available numeric and qualitative information . Some provide numeric integration across two qualitative states but none of them highlights numerically or semi-quantitatively the qualitatively predicted time points . Moreover, high accuracy at time points is only achieved by a fine level of granularity across the e...

Boundary value problems specifying how external influences on dynamic systems vary over time greatly extend the scope of qualitative reasoning techniques, enabling them to achieve a much wider applicability. This paper discusses conceptual and practical aspects that underlie the problem of handling boundary conditions in SQPC, a sound program for modeling and simulating dynamic systems in the p...

Work described in this paper is aimed at developing a monitoring and fault detection system for the process plant. In particular this work concentrates on how to combine qualitative reasoning techniques with conventional numerical sensor fusion techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of using pure numerical or pure qualitative technique alone arefirst demonstrated. A method of developing a...

We present a model-based monitoring method for dynamic systems that exhibit both discrete and continuous behaviors. MIMIC (Dvorak & Kuipers 1991) uses qualitative and semi-quantitative models to monitor dynamic systems even with incomplete knowledge. Recent advances have improved the quality of semi-quantitative behavior predictions, used observations to refine static envelopes around monotonic...