The steady-state voltage and [Na(+)](o) dependence of the electrogenic sodium pump was investigated in voltage-clamped internally dialyzed giant axons of the squid, Loligo pealei, under conditions that promote the backward-running mode (K(+)-free seawater; ATP- and Na(+)-free internal solution containing ADP and orthophosphate). The ratio of pump-mediated (42)K(+) efflux to reverse pump current...

Salt stress is one of the most chalanging abiotic stresses affecting natural productivity and causing significant croplosses worldwide. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of two alfalfa cultivars (Bamiand Hamedani) to 6 levels of salinity (0 as control, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 mM NaCl) at the College of Agriculture,Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran in 2008. Plant dry weig...

Salinity is an environmental stress that limits growth and development in plants. Due to high salinity in Khuzestan soils it is necessary to identify cultivars with appropriate yield that are compatible with Khuzestan conditions. This experiment was done to evaluate three rice cultivars for salinity tolerance at seedling stage by measuring the absorption of sodium and potassium ions and the rat...

AIM The benefit of nucleot(s)ide analogues (NA) for hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative treatment has been widely debated due to the relatively weak evidence. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of NA on recurrence and survival after curative treatment of HBV-HCC. METHODS A systematic electronic search was performed. All...

PURPOSE We verify the sodium fraction excretion rate (FE Na) and potassium fraction excretion (FE K) rates in monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. We also correlate FE Na and FE K to urinary osmolality, nocturnal polyuria and vasopressin in the same population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 438 children 6 to 15 years old (mean age 9.7) presenting with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis were...

We present a possible star formation and chemical evolutionary history for two earlytype galaxies NGC 1407 and NGC 1400. They are the two brightest galaxies of the NGC 1407 (or Eridanus-A) group, one of the 60 groups studied as part of the Group Evolution Multi-wavelength Study (GEMS). Our analysis is based on new high signal-to-noise spatially resolved integrated spectra obtained at the ESO 3....

BACKGROUND Proteases can increase the activity of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by cleaving its α- or γ-subunit. However, evidence so far comes only from studies in vitro in either heterologous expression systems or isolated nephron segments. The present study has tested whether exposure to a luminal protease can alter sodium reabsorption along the rat collecting duct in vivo. METHODS ...

OBJECTIVE Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) produce a lower sodium (Na) balance, and the natriuretic effect is enhanced under Na deprivation, despite falls in blood pressure (BP) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). METHODS The effect of additional hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 12.5 mg/day) to ARB treatment (valsartan; 80 mg/day) on glomerulotubular Na balance was evaluated in 23 patients wi...

BACKGROUND Although socioeconomic status (SES) may affect food and nutrient intakes, few studies have reported on sodium (Na) and potassium (K) intakes among individuals with various SESs in Japan. We investigated associations of SES with Na and K intake levels using urinary specimens in a representative Japanese population. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 2,560 men and women (the...