In order to suppress global warming, it is necessary reduce the weight of autobodies, whereas improvement collision safety automobiles required which results in a increase. Research and development high-strength steel sheets for autobodies are being carried out achieve both two objectives. Among various sheets, low alloy steels utilizing transformation-induced plasticity retained austenite (TRI...

The uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) plus an imposed edge diffraction extension is used to predict the backscatter cross sections of dihedral corner reflectors which have right, obtuse, and acute included angles. UTD allows individual backscattering mechanisms of the dihedral corner reflectors to be identified and provides good agreement w?ith experimental cross section measurements in the a...

We introduce a general model which augments the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation by nonlinear-diffraction terms competing with the linear diffraction. The new terms contain two irreducible parameters and admit a Hamiltonian representation in a form natural for optical media. The equation serves as a model for spatial solitons near the supercollimation point in nonlinear phot...

Abstract 3D tomographic phase retrieval under the Born approximation for discrete objects supported on a $n\times n\times n$ grid is analyzed. It proved that $n$ projections are sufficient and necessary unique determination by computed tomography (CT) with full projected field measurements $n+1$ coded diffraction patterns determination, up to global factor, in retrieval. Hence nearly, if not ex...

We describe the first single microphone sound localization system and its inspiration from theories of human monaural sound localization. Reflections and diffractions caused by the external ear (pinna) allow humans to estimate sound source elevations using only one ear. Our single microphone localization model relies on a specially shaped reflecting structure that serves the role of the pinna. ...

Amylose and polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) are mixed in an aqueous solution to form inclusion complexes. DSC shows that immediate mixing results in complexes having lower melting temperatures compared with complexes prepared with longer mixing times. The washed complexes melt at higher temperatures compared with the corresponding unwashed complexes. XRD indicates that amylose-PTHF complexes diffrac...

X-ray diffraction patterns from sperm-tail microtubules indicate that subunits with a 40 to 50 A packing diameter form filaments, alternately half-staggered, parallel to the tubule axis. A 12-or a 13-stranded structure fits best with the X-ray diagram. The strongest bonding is that between units within a longitudinal filament; the weaker lateral interactions are disrupted by drying. Microtubule...

${\mathrm{KV}}_{3}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{5}$ has recently attracted considerable attention due to its low-temperature superconducting properties, which are heralded by a charge-density wave. The apparent presence of very weak magnetism does not result in long-range ordering. An explanation the properties we present invokes higher-order terms vanadium magnetization density and ``hidden order'' Dirac (po...

A single-beam interference-lithography scheme is demonstrated for the fabrication of large-area slant gratings, which requires exposure of the photoresist thin film spin-coated on a glass plate with polished side-walls to a single laser beam in the ultraviolet and requires small coherence length of the laser. No additional beam splitting scheme and no adjustments for laser-beam overlapping and ...