This study investigates the behavior of three concrete beams reinforced with steel and GFRP bars under fire exposure. The tests were conducted including one control steel-reinforced (RC) beam two GFRP-RC beams. exposed to according standard curve ISO 834 for 3 h. investigation parameters included reinforcement types (i.e., bars) diameter bars. Based on experimental results, during exposure, def...

Wide beams are one of the widely used structural elements in RC buildings due to many special features that characterize them. The main objective this research is investigate behavior wide shallow under effect eccentric loading acting along their cross sections. To achieve that, an experimental program consisted seven was conducted. All were loaded using two concentrated loads at middle third w...

The Deep Embedment (DE) technique is a promising reinforced concrete (RC) shear strengthening scheme. When compared with the other retrofitting systems, DE approach impressive in many ways. Particularly, since element installed to beam core, truss mechanism enhanced and that enables achieving high enhancements. Due internal application of reinforcement, steel can also be utilized as material wi...

Near-surface mounted (NSM) fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement has been found to perform efficiently as a flexural/shear strengthening technology for reinforced concrete (RC) members, while offering some additional practical advantages with respect to the most widespread technique of externally bonded laminates. This paper presents a design procedure for flexural and shear strengthenin...

The main aim of the present study is to achieve optimum design of reinforced concrete (RC) plane moment frames using bat algorithm (BA) which is a newly developed meta-heuristic optimization algorithm based on the echolocation behaviour of bats. The objective function is the total cost of the frame and the design constraints are checked during the optimization process based on ACI 318-08 code. ...

This paper is an experimental study of the effectiveness using internal and external alkali-resistant glass fabric textile (AR-GT) layers for flexural strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams. The work compares single triple AR-GT as supplemental reinforcement with textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) in RC beams subjected to four-point bending loading. In addition, a control beam specimen cast ...