Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC) Ferroptosis As reported in article number 2206439 by Ling Tao, Fuyang Zhang, and co-workers, MSCs are seriously damaged the reactive oxygen species (ROS) after injection into injured liver milieu rapidly deplete due to ferroptosis driven ROS-induced lipid peroxidation, like devouring fire forest threatening entered firefighters. Strategies reducing ferroptosis, su...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are by-products of the cellular metabolism of oxygen consumption, produced mainly in the mitochondria. ROS are known to be highly reactive ions or free radicals containing oxygen that impair redox homeostasis and cellular functions, leading to cell death. Under physiological conditions, a variety of antioxidant systems scavenge ROS to maintain the intracellular red...

Spermatozoa generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in physiological amounts which play a role in sperm functions during sperm capacitation acrosome reaction (AR) and oocyte fusion. In addition damaged sperm are likely to be the source of ROS. The most important ROS produced by human sperm are hydrogen peroxide superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals. Besides human seminal plasma and sperm posses...

Pulmonary vessel constriction results from an imbalance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor factors released by the endothelium including nitric oxide, endothelin, prostanoids, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS, generated by a variety of enzymatic sources (such as mitochondria and NADPH oxidases, a.k.a. Nox), appear to play a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis, whereas elevated level...

Inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I by rotenone had been found to induce cell death in a variety of cells. However, the mechanism is still elusive. Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in apoptosis and inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I by rotenone was thought to be able to elevate mitochondrial ROS production, we investigated the...

Hoffman DL, Salter JD, Brookes PS. Response of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation to steady-state oxygen tension: implications for hypoxic cell signaling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 292: H101–H108, 2007. First published September 8, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00699.2006.—Mitochondria are proposed to play an important role in hypoxic cell signaling. One currently accepted sign...

OBJECTIVES To describe the importance of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase working together in human cells against toxic reactive oxygen species, their relationship with several pathophysiologic processes and their possible therapeutic implications. CONCLUSIONS Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the cell growth, differentiation, prog...

Oxidant byproducts, such as superoxide anion (O2 ) and hydrogen peroxide, are produced as a consequence of normal aerobic metabolism. These molecules, which are highly reactive with other biological molecules, are referred to as reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under normal physiological conditions, ROS production is balanced by an efficient system of antioxidants, molecules that are capable of s...

Inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I by rotenone had been found to induce cell death in a variety of cells. However, the mechanism is still elusive. Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in apoptosis and inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I by rotenone was thought to be able to elevate mitochondrial ROS production, we investigated the...

This study focuses on the generation and loss of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in low-temperature atmospheric-pressure rf (13.56MHz) He+O2+H2O plasmas, which are of interest for many biomedical applications. These plasmas create cocktails of ROS containing ozone, singlet oxygen, atomic oxygen, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroperoxyl radicals, i.e. ROS of great significance as rec...