Cometabolism of trichloroethylene (TCE) by phenol-fed enrichments was evaluated in four reactors with distinct phenol feeding patterns. The reactors were inoculated from the same source, operated at the same average dilution rate, and received the same mass of phenol over time. Only the timing of phenol addition differed. Reactor C received phenol continuously; reactor SC5 received phenol semic...

In this paper, discrete time higher integer order linear transfer function models have been identified first for a 500 MWe Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR) which has highly nonlinear dynamical nature. Linear discrete time models of the nonlinear nuclear reactor have been identified around eight different operating points (power reduction or step-back conditions) with least square estimato...

An integral reactor design methodology was developed to address the optimal design of photocatalytic wall reactors to be used in air pollution control. For a target pollutant to be eliminated from an air stream, the proposed methodology is initiated with a mechanistic derived reaction rate. The determination of intrinsic kinetic parameters is associated with the use of a simple geometry laborat...

In this work the dynamic study of EPS (Extracellular Polymeric Substances) concentration and distribution during the operation of two different reactor configurations (UASB and EGSB) is presented, treating medium (5 g COD/l) and low-concentrated (0.5 g COD/l) wastewater. Medium-concentrated wastewater was supplied for granules maturation as well as for stabilisation of the process. The effect o...

As part of the reactor dynamics activities of FZK/IRS, the qualification of a detailed 3D CFD model of a reactor pressure vessel is a key step in safety evaluations for improving predictive capabilities and acceptability of commercial CFD tools in reactor physics. The VVER-1000 Coolant Transient Benchmark, initiated by OECD, represents an excellent opportunity for validation. In this work a CFD...

We developed a photocatalytic solar tower reactor for the elimination of low concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) typically emitted from small industrial establishments. The photocatalytic system can be installed in a narrow space, as the reactor is cylindrical-shaped. The photocatalytic reactor was placed vertically in the center of a cylindrical scattering mirror, and this vert...

Configuration of plasma reactors influences the generation of active species including the energized electrons, active radicals and the distribution of active species in reactor, and thus influences the removal efficiency of pollutants. Oxidation efficiency of elemental mercury (Hg) in two different DBD plasma reactors was studied in this paper. One plasma reactor is a surface discharge reactor...

In this study, a novel continuous reactor has been developed to produce high quality methyl esters (biodiesel) from palm oil. A microporous TiO2/Al2O3 membrane was packed with potassium hydroxide catalyst supported on palm shell activated carbon. The central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to investigate the effects of reaction temperature, catalyst amo...

The Flash Ironmaking Technology being developed at the University of Utah is aimed at producing iron directly from iron oxide concentrate. In this technology, the concentrate is reduced by H2 and CO gas mixtures formed from the partial oxidation of natural gas in a flash reactor. Natural gas represents an economically and environmentally superior reductant/fuel for the flash ironmaking. The rat...

This paper presents a neural network based model predictive control (MPC) strategy to control a strongly exothermic reaction with complicated nonlinear kinetics given by Chylla-Haase polymerization reactor that requires a very precise temperature control to maintain product uniformity. In the benchmark scenario, the operation of the reactor must be guaranteed under various disturbing influences...