To Columbia workshop readers: As you will see, this paper is a preliminary draft, and somewhat out-of-date now, because although I wrote it some months ago, I have worked little on it since. The approach that I propose for measuring Google’s power is interesting, I think, but I believe the greater value of the paper is in its identification of some difficult and important problems in the antitr...

In the writer’s craft section we offer simple tips to improve your writing in one of three areas: Energy, Clarity and Persuasiveness. Each entry focuses on a key writing feature or strategy, illustrates how it commonly goes wrong, teaches the grammatical underpinnings necessary to understand it and offers suggestions to wield it effectively. We encourage readers to share comments on or suggesti...

South America" is considerably more general and simply comments on what is known about what had happened in the past and what has been observed in recent expeditions rather than attempting a compilation. Few aspects of medical investigation are untouched by this book and the discussions and references range from the high estrogen levels in African Bushmen to high altitude performance to the gen...

In the writer’s craft section we offer simple tips to improve your writing in one of three areas: Energy, Clarity and Persuasiveness. Each entry focuses on a key writing feature or strategy, illustrates how it commonly goes wrong, teaches the grammatical underpinnings necessary to understand it and offers suggestions to wield it effectively. We encourage readers to share comments on or suggesti...

In the Writer’s Craft section we offer simple tips to improve your writing in one of three areas: Energy, Clarity and Persuasiveness. Each entry focuses on a key writing feature or strategy, illustrates how it commonly goes wrong, teaches the grammatical underpinnings necessary to understand it and offers suggestions to wield it effectively. We encourage readers to share comments on or suggesti...

In the Writer’s Craft section we offer simple tips to improve your writing in one of three areas: Energy, Clarity and Persuasiveness. Each entry focuses on a key writing feature or strategy, illustrates how it commonly goes wrong, teaches the grammatical underpinnings necessary to understand it and offers suggestions to wield it effectively. We encourage readers to share comments on or suggesti...

As of January 2017, The Plant Cellwill offer authors the option of associating a Peer Review Report with each research article. Reviewer anonymity will be strictly maintained. The reports will include the major comments from reviewers and the editors’ decision letters along with the authors’ response to reviewers for each submission of themanuscript (including original, revised, and previously ...

"Research in Brief" presents summaries of interesting research in progress for which full-length reports were unavailable at the time of publication. WPEL encourages readers to assist the authors in furthering their research by offering comments and suggestions. Slaying the Jabberwock 'Tw\'ls brillig, and the &lithy toves Did gyre and giable in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the ao...

This paper presents preliminary fi ndings and is being distributed to economists and other interested readers solely to stimulate discussion and elicit comments. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and are not necessarily refl ective of views at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York or the Federal Reserve System. Any errors or omissions are the responsibility of the authors.

In the Writer’s Craft section we offer simple tips to improve your writing in one of three areas: Energy, Clarity and Persuasiveness. Each entry focuses on a key writing feature or strategy, illustrates how it commonly goes wrong, teaches the grammatical underpinnings necessary to understand it and offers suggestions to wield it effectively. We encourage readers to share comments on or suggesti...