in modern world, there is a strong need and necessity for defending of religion in different ways. one of the defenses that nowadays is accepted by some people is pragmatic defense which is going to show the positive effects of religion in people's life. the present study is a pragmatic defense of religion which relies essentially on psychological function of religion. for this reason at t...

Social sensing via mobile apps complements physical sensing (e.g., IoT) by substantially extending the horizon we know about our daily life in real time. This paper discusses how we can integrate physical and social sensing to enable better and smarter services, focusing on enriching riders’ experience of using bike sharing services in New York City. We show how we real time collect, process, a...

In Africa around 2,500 languages are spoken. Some of these languages have their own indigenous scripts. Accordingly, there is a bulk of printed documents available in libraries, information centers, museums and offices. Digitization of these documents enables to harness already available information technologies to local information needs and developments. This paper presents an Optical Charact...

We consider a network of autonomous peers forming a logically global but physically distributed search engine, where every peer has its own local collection generated by independently crawling the web. A challenging task in such systems is to efficiently route user queries to peers that can deliver high quality results and be able to rank these returned results, thus satisfying the users’ infor...