A transient modelling framework for a vanadium redox-flow battery (RFB) is developed and experiments covering a range of vanadiumconcentration and electrolyte flow rate are conducted. The two-dimensional model is based on a comprehensive description of mass, charge and momentum transport and conservation, and is combined with a global kinetic model for reactions involving vanadium species. The ...

Redox electrocatalysis (catalysis of electron-transfer reactions by floating conductive particles) is discussed from the point-of-view of Fermi level equilibration, and an overall theoretical framework is given. Examples of redox electrocatalysis in solution, in bipolar configuration, and at liquid-liquid interfaces are provided, highlighting that bipolar and liquid-liquid interfacial systems a...

Deoxygenated graphite electrodes exhibited an overall higher electrocatalytic activity than the oxygen-rich starting material. Free edge sites were therefore identified as origin of charge transfer process for vanadium redox reactions.

Cells and tissues must maintain a reducing environment to survive. This reducing environment provides the electrochemical gradient needed for electron flow. This movement of electrons provides the energy needed to build and maintain cellular structures and associated functions. An array of redox couples is responsible for the electron transfer. Some of these redox couples are linked to each oth...

In photosynthesizing chloroplasts, rapidly changing energy input, intermediate generation of strong reductants as well as oxidants and multiple participating physicochemical processes and pathways, call for efficient regulation. Coupling redox information to protein function via thiol modifications offers a powerful mechanism to activate, down-regulate and coordinate interdependent processes. E...

The studies of the electrochemical redox reactions in solvated silica sol–gel glass were reviewed. The methodology of the experiments with emphasis on the direct preparation of the solid electrolyte and the application ultramicroelectrodes was described. Generally, the level of the electrochemical signal is not much below that observed in liquid electrolyte. The current depends on time elapsed ...

Various human illnesses, including several types of cancer and infectious diseases, are related to changes in the cellular redox homeostasis. During the last decade, several approaches have been explored which employ such disturbed redox balances for the benefit of therapy. Compounds able to modulate the intracellular redox state of cells have been developed, which effectively, yet also selecti...

Arrays of chemical oxidants are produced in healthy cells, where they function as important signaling molecules that are crucial in homeostatic regulation and cellular adaptation. The molecular basis of “redox signaling” is a series of oxido-reductive chemical reactions in which oxidants or reductants posttranslationally alter the structure of proteins. These modifications equate to signal sens...

Deconvolution of the complex isotopic distributions lanthanide ions generated by graphite MALDI-MS reveals competing ionisation behaviour not previously observed. This is discussed in terms redox potentials and reactions rates with oxygen.

A series of novel nitrogen-doped polycyclic aromatic mono and dicarboximides, able to stabilize multiple redox processes, has been synthesized by an innovative procedure that avoids metal-based cross-coupling reactions.