Background Biochemical markers of bone turnover have been used in research for a long time and are now being recognised as helpful tools in the clinical management of bone disease. It is important to establish robust reference values for the interpretation of these markers. In addition to standardising pre-analytical variability it is unclear whether manufacturer’s ranges take into account glob...

background: metal ions effect on homeostasis of alzheimer’s disease (ad) patients. the aim of this study was to assess the metal ions (iron, zinc and copper) and cbc in patients with ad in comparison with normal range. methods: the samples of study were 17 patients with ad in tehran’s aging centers in 2015, selected as an access sample. blood samples were analyzed in a pathobiology laboratory. ...

A 13-year-old female spayed Yorkshire Terrier, weighing 6.1 kg, was referred to the Internal Medicine Service of the Animal Medical Center for hypercalcemia and hyperkalemia. Active medical problems included mild stable azotemia of 11 months duration (International Renal Interest Society Stage II, http://www.iris-kidney.com) and collapsing trachea. The owner also reported a lifelong history of ...