A large no of synthetic and natural compounds behave as very effective drugs. All these compounds have a wide range of biological activities like anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-cancer, anti-viral, antiinflammatory, anti-neoplastic, anti-tumorigenic, anti-HIV and so on. On the other hand, metals have played an important role in medicine for years. Many are essential in our diets in varying qu...

Beryllium metal was classified in Europe collectively with beryllium compounds, e.g. soluble salts. Toxicological equivalence was assumed despite greatly differing physicochemical properties. Following introduction of the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation, beryllium metal was classified as individual substance and more investigational effort...

Six new organic-inorganic hybrid compounds based on [XM12O40](4-) (X = heteroatom, M = metal atom), namely [Cu(pic)2][H2XM12O40]·2Hapy·2apy (X = Si, M = W for , X = Ge, M = W for and X = Si, M = Mo for ), [Cu(2,2'-bpy)2][Cu(2,2'-bpy)(H2O)][Cu(pic)2]0.5[XM12O40]·nH2O (X = Si, M = Mo, n = 0.5 for , X = Ge, M = W, n = 1 for ) and [Cu(phen)(H2O)]2[Cu(pic)2][GeW12O40]·2.5H2O () (pic = deprotonated p...

Varied environmental compartments including soils are being contaminated by a myriad toxic metal(loid)s (hereafter termed as "metal/s") mainly through anthropogenic activities. These metals may contaminate food chain and bring irreparable consequences in human. Plant-based approach (phytoremediation) stands second to none among bioremediation technologies meant for sustainable cleanup of soils/...

The biochemical transformation of mercury, tin, arsenic and bismuth through formation of volatile alkylated species performs a fundamental role in determining the environmental processing of these elements. While the toxicity of inorganic forms of most of these compounds are well documented (e.g., arsenic, mercury) and some of them are of relatively low toxicity (e.g., tin, bismuth), the more l...

OBJECTIVE To integrate recent understandings of the mechanisms of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of the different cobalt compounds. METHOD A narrative review of the studies published since the last IARC assessment in 1991 (genotoxicity, experimental carcinogenesis, and epidemiology). RESULTS Two different mechanisms of genotoxicity, DNA breakage induced by cobalt metal and especially hard...

In colonoscopic study, benign colorectal strictures with or without symptomatic pain are not rarely encountered. Benign colorectal stricture can be caused by a number of problems, such as anastomotic stricture after surgery, inflammatory bowel disease, postendoscopic submucosal dissection, diverticular disease, ischemic colitis, and so on. There are various modalities for the management of beni...

This research was conducted for the purpose of studying the effect of CaF2 content in the composition of hot metal pretreatment flux, based on lime. It was followed in regards to the importance of fluorine amount decrease in hot metal pretreatment and steel making processes. For this purpose, lime based fluxes including 40, 30, 20 and 10 percent calcium fluoride were prepared and hot metal pret...