UNLABELLED INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH AIMS: The aim of the work was an evaluation of the impact of physical exertion on the regulating of food intake and digestive system hormone release as well as the partly connected phenomenon of evaluating the subjective sensation of hunger and the amount of food consumed at various time following physical exercise. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tests covered ...

INTRODUCTION In past decades, the growth in obesity has been associated with changes in the lifestyle of the population, including comprehensive dietary changes, especially in the intake of micronutrients. OBJECTIVE To describe micronutrient intake and review its consequences on nutritional status. METHODS A literature review was performed covering domestic and international articles publis...

Patients with diabetes mellitus die prematurely of cardiovascular disease. Macrovascular disease is often present at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a reduction in blood pressure (BP) lowers cardiovascular risk and increases patient survival. Evidence from genetic, epidemiological, migrational, intervention, treatment, and animal studies demonstrates that salt intake is important in r...

Abstract Objectives The energy intake response to exercise is highly variable and (over-) compensation via increased post-exercise occurs in some individuals but not others. In explorative analyses, we aimed identify biological behavioral predictors of ad libitum whether these differ from after rest. Methods a randomized crossover design, 57 healthy participants (21.7 ± 2.5 y; 23.7 2.3 kg/m2, 5...

The gut microbiome is a complex biological community that deeply affects various aspects of human health, including dietary intake, disease progression, drug metabolism, and immune system regulation. Edible mushroom polysaccharides (EMPs) are bioactive fibers derived from mushrooms possess range beneficial properties, anti-tumor, antioxidant, antiviral, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory effects. S...

INTRODUCTION Studies in laboratory animals and humans indicate that endogenous opioids play an important role in regulating the rewarding value of various drugs, including ethanol (EtOH). Indeed, opioid antagonists are currently a front-line treatment for alcoholism in humans. Although roles for mu- and delta-opioid receptors have been characterized, the contribution of kappa-opioid receptors (...

Ghrelin signaling has major effects on energy and glucose homeostasis, but it is unknown whether ghrelin's functions are centrally and/or peripherally mediated. The ghrelin receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), is highly expressed in the brain and detectable in some peripheral tissues. To understand the roles of neuronal GHS-R, we generated a mouse line where Ghsr gene is dele...