Symptomatic iliac fossa and suprapubic varicosities are uncommon presentations in adults. Such presentations often point to acquired obstructive process to pelvic outflow or to the progression of venous insufficiency and reflux in the pelvic and gonadal veins. Less frequently, venous anomalies of the renal veins or IVC might be implicated. Furthermore, late presentations of congenital or acquir...

Autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the first choice for hemodialysis access in renal failure with uremia. However, AVF cannot be performed in some patients due to small and narrow veins in the forearm. In this study, a Fogarty catheter was used to establish autogenous radiocephalic hemodialysis access in patients with small caliber cephalic veins, and the patency rate and complications o...

During routine dissection of the retroperitoneal region in our Department, we observed rare variation as a retro-aortic left renal vein associated with a partially bifid left ureter in a 56 year old female. The left renal vein, after receiving its tributaries, the left ovarian and the left suprarenal veins, acquired an oblique course to the level of the intervertebral disc between L3-L4, and th...

Introduction: To date, conventional venography remains the gold standard for morphologically assessing the veins of the lower extremities. The required administration of iodinated contrast is associated with complications including anaphylaxis, nephrotoxicity as well as venous thrombosis. MR-venography based on TOF techniques has thus been advocated as an attractive non-invasive alternative par...

BACKGROUND Left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) is an unusual abnormality that may be clinically significant during renal surgery. METHODS We report the unique case of a patient with a centrally located left renal mass who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. During the hilar dissection, unusual vascular anatomy was encountered. The patient was noted to have a left-sided inferior vena c...

In an excised cat kidney, the subcapsular veins were clipped near their connections with the renal vein and cut open distal to the clamps. The kidney was then placed in an oil-filled lucite chamber and perfused from a donor cat via tubes entering the chamber through its close-fitting lid. The blood leaking from the cut subcapsular veins was led to one flowmeter; that leaving via the cannulated ...

A 30-year-old gentleman, a known membranous nephropathy patient since 2002, presented a month ago for recurrent bipedal oedema and dilated veins in front and back of abdomen (Figure 1). After contrast prophylaxis, a venogram was done with the intention of intervention in the same sitting if required. His venogram showed non-visualization of the entire infra-hepatic inferior venacava (IVC) that ...

PURPOSE We report the novel use of 3-charge coupled device camera technology to infer tissue oxygenation. The technique can aid surgeons to reliably differentiate vascular structures and noninvasively assess laparoscopic intraoperative changes in renal tissue perfusion during and after warm ischemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed select digital video images from 10 laparoscopic partial ne...

A 61-year-old male developed end-stage renal failure in January 1994, with a presumptive diagnosis of hypertensive nephrosclerosis but no renal biopsy, and commenced peritoneal dialysis which failed in April 1996, requiring a change to haemodialysis via a left subclavian tunnelled venous line. A succession of arteriovenous fistulae (AVFs) was formed in both arms but by August 2004, native AVFs ...

Cephalic and basilic veins begin their path from around the wrist and continue towards the area above the forearm. The basilic vein becomes deep around the mid-arm, while the cephalic vein becomes deep around the upper forearm, in deltopectoral groove. The superficial veins are most commonly used for vein puncture, transfusion, bypass graft, and cardiac catheterization. In renal patients, the b...