BACKGROUND This article reviews literature regarding individuals with traumatic brain injury who have vision related impairments up to one year, post-injury. Such impairments may impact rehabilitation of activities of daily living and mobility since vision is integral in much of what one does on a daily basis. METHODS Search of Medline, Ovid, and PubMed was performed using terms including: tr...

OBJECTIVES The goals were to describe trends in pediatric traumatic brain injury hospitalizations in the United States and to provide national benchmarks for state and regional comparisons. METHODS Analysis of existing data (1991-2005) from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, the largest longitudinal, all-payer, inpatient care database in the United States, was performed. Children 0 to 19 years ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this article is to review the current status of protective effects of mild-to-moderate hypothermia on traumatic brain injury. RECENT FINDINGS More than 30 clinical studies have reported effects of therapeutic hypothermia on outcome of traumatic brain injury and cerebral ischemia. Only one clinical trial of short-term mild hypothermia did not show any effect in pat...

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) or also known as a head injury is one of the leading causes death among young people and health problems defined impact, penetration, rapid movement brain within skull that can result in changes mental status often referred to silent epidemic. Head injuries electrophysiological abnormalities seen on electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. Electroencephalography was...

We investigated the effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on the Nrf2 signaling pathway in secondary injury following traumatic brain injury, using a rat model. An improved Feeney freefall method was used to establish the rat traumatic brain injury model. Sixty rats were randomly divided into three groups: a sham surgery group, a traumatic brain injury group, and a group receiving hyperbaric o...

OBJECTIVE To compare the contents of participation outcome measures in traumatic brain injury with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Sets for traumatic brain injury. METHOD A systematic search with an independent review process selected relevant articles to identify outcome measures in participation in traumatic brain injury. Instruments used in...

Background: Simultaneous electrocardiographic (ECG) changes are seen in hemorrhagic brain events even in the absence of associated myocardial infarction (MI). This study was designed to assess the role of ECG changes to predict true MI in patients with hemorrhagic brain trauma. Methods: Data of 153 patients with traumatic brain injury and concomitant ECG changes were recorded. Enzyme study w...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of death in the pediatric population. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent contributions in evaluation, management, and predictors of outcome in pediatric traumatic brain injury. RECENT FINDINGS Advances have been made in defining the critical Glasgow Coma Score for predicting poor outcome and in developing the Relativ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a silent epidemic. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) causes brain injury that results in electrophysiologic abnormalities visible on electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. The purpose of this brief review was to discuss the importance of EEG findings in traumatic brain injury. Relevant articles published during the 1996-2016 period were retrieved from Medline ...