0014-4886/$ – see front matter © 2008 Elsevier Inc. Al doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.05.005 Epilepsy, a condition characterized by repeated, unprovoked seizures, is unfortunately quite common, affecting approximately 1% of the population (Hauser, 1994), Epilepsy is most common in the first year of life and approximately 75% of epilepsy begins during childhood. The underlying mechanisms responsib...

In the developing hippocampus, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 22 promotes the formation of excitatory presynaptic terminals. Remarkably, FGF22 knockout (KO) mice show resistance to generalized seizures in adults as assessed by chemical kindling, a model that is widely used to study epileptogenesis (Terauchi et al., 2010). Repeated injections of low dose pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induce generalize...

The clinical and basic literature suggest that hilar cells of the dentate gyrus are damaged after seizures, particularly prolonged and repetitive seizures. Of the cell types within the hilus, it appears that the mossy cell is one of the most vulnerable. Nevertheless, hilar neurons which resemble mossy cells appear in some published reports of animal models of epilepsy, and in some cases of huma...

OBJECTIVE To clarify clinical characteristics of children with febrile convulsions during primary human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The clinical characteristics of first febrile convulsion were compared between those with and without primary HHV-6 infection in 105 children. HHV-6 infection was verified by culture or acute/convalescent anti-HHV-6 antibody titres. RE...

The phosphorylated form of histone H2A.X (γ-H2AX) is a well documented early, sensitive, and selective marker of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Previously, we found that excessive glutamatergic activity increased γ-H2AX in neurons in vitro. Here, we evaluated γ-H2AX formation in the adult rat brain following neuronal excitation evoked by seizure activity in vivo. We found that brief, repeated...

background: carum carvi l . (caraway), known as black zeera in iran, has been indicated for the treatment of epilepsy in iranian folk medicine. this study evaluated whether the aqueous extract and essential oil of caraway seeds have anticonvulsant effects in mice. methods: the anticonvulsant effects of the aqueous extract (200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 mg/kg, i.p.) and essential oil (25, 50, 10...

how to cite this article: fayyazi a, karimzadeh p, torabian s, damadi s, khaje a. comparison of intravenous midazolam drip with intermittent intravenous diazepam in the treatment of refractory serial seizures in children. iran j child neurol 2012; 6(3): 15-19.   objective serial seizures occur commonly in inpatient epileptic children. this type ofseizure due to its characteristics has a signifi...

A 2-year-old girl was referred to the Harapan Kita National Heart Center due return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest, bradyarrhythmia and repeated seizures with loss consciousness. She had been treated an epilepsy drug for 1 year. Electrocardiography during one episode showed complete heart block junctional escape rhythm QT interval prolongation, which then progressed torsades de...