We study models where two sellers simultaneously decide on their discrete supply of a homogenous good. There is a …nite, not necessarily large, number of buyers who have unit demand and privately known valuations. In the …rst model, there is a centralized market place where a uniform auction takes place. In the second model, there are two distinct auction sites, each with one seller, and buyers...

Representations of abstract quantities such as time and number are essential for survival. A number of studies have revealed that both humans and nonhuman animals are able to nonverbally estimate time and number; striking similarities in the behavioral data suggest a common magnitude-representation system shared across species. It is unclear, however, whether these representations provide anima...

Causality plays an important role in human thinking . Yet we are far from having a complete account of causal reasoning. This paper presents an analysis of causal reasoning about changes in quantities . We abstract from Al theories of qualitative physics three dimensions along which causal reasoning about quantities may be decomposed . We then use this framework to make some psychological predi...

This overview of the uses of sodars in meteorological applications categorizes the applications by signal source, specifically amplitude, frequency, or “visualization” for example, of vertical time sections of signal amplitude. Examples are shown of data derived from each category. A final section presents the potential for using groups of sodars in networks with other instruments to estimate q...

7 pages 3443 words.

Previous research has shown that people are able to use distributional information about the environment to make inferences. However, how people learn these probability distributions is less well understood, especially for those that are not normal or unimodal. In this paper we focus on how people learn probability distributions that are bimodal. We examined on how the distance between the two ...

In the first part of this paper, recalling a general discussion on iterated conditioning given by de Finetti in the appendix of his book, vol. 2, we give a representation of a conditional random quantity X|HK as (X|H)|K. In this way, we obtain the classical formula P(XH|K) = P(X|HK)P (H|K), by simply using linearity of prevision. Then, we consider the notion of general conditional prevision P(X...

R.S. Thorne Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK Abstract I discuss the issue of uncertainties in parton distributions and in the physical quantities which are determined in terms of them. While there has been significant progress on the uncertainties associated with errors on experimental data, there are still outstanding questions. Also, I demonstrate that in many circumstances t...