The cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit is designed to perform four major functions: (1) oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination, (2) circulation of blood, (3) systemic cooling and rewarming, and (4) diversion of blood from the heart to provide a bloodless surgical field. Typically, venous blood is drained by gravity from the right side of the heart into a reservoir that serves as a large m...

A geothermal reservoir causes inhomogeneity in the physical properties of the subsurface geology due to the high changes in temperature. These physical properties can be ob‐ served by means of varying anomalies from geophysical observations from the surface. These physical properties include electrical conductivity, rock density, magnetic suscepti‐ bility, rock elasticity, and, finally, the tem...

The capillary pressure in a reservoir determines the saturation distribution, and hence the total in situ volumes of fluids (oil/water/gas). The accurate knowledge of the capillary pressure distribution is one of the primary factors that may be decisive in the reliable estimation of hydrocarbon reserves. The centrifuge procedure provides laboratory data, which can be inverted to derive capillar...

A technique capable of capturing the dynamics of reservoir fluids in the proximity of production wells would provide enormous benefits to the reservoir management. In fact, monitoring can be used to develop a feedback loop between measurements and control technologies to optimize production. This paper examines the feasibility of a borehole radar tool for near-wellbore imaging. Modeling results...

Most reservoir fluids contain heavy paraffinic compounds that may precipitate as a solid or solid like material called wax if the fluid is cooled down. Wax precipitation is a phenomenon of considerable importance in oil industry. An increase in aggregation results in enhanced oil viscosity. This however causes significant negative effects on production, transportation and processing of crude oi...

the simultaneous flow of oil and water in porous media is described by relative permeability curves, mainly derived from laboratory experiments. relative permeability is of paramount importance in predicting reservoir production performance and drive mechanisms and its value depends largely on the volume fraction of fluids present in the test samples. nowadays x-ray scanners are one of the most...

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides a powerful toolbox for petrophysical characterization of reservoir core plugs and fluids in the laboratory. Previously, there has been considerable focus on low field magnet technology for well log calibration. Now there is renewed interest in the study of reservoir samples using stronger magnets to complement these standard NMR measurements. Here, the ...

a detailed study of the exploited geothermal field of travale in italy was conducted using magnetotelluric (mt) data in 2004. this paper detects the main features of the conductivity structures of this area. for subsurface mapping purpose, the long period natural-field mt method proved very useful. for processing and modeling of the mt data, 2d inversion schemes were used and to have the best p...

most reservoir fluids contain heavy paraffinic compounds that may precipitate as a solid or solid like material called wax if the fluid is cooled down. wax precipitation is a phenomenon of considerable importance in oil industry. an increase in aggregation results in enhanced oil viscosity. this however causes significant negative effects on production, transportation and processing of crude oi...

Fluid transport through reservoir recks is complex and cannot be described by theory alone. Darcy’s law, an empirical equaiion describing the Iami”ar flow of incompressible fluids, is largely used for calculation of fluid flow through porous media. It relates the macroscopic veloci~ (flux) of a fluid of known viscosity to the pressure gradient by a pmpotiionalky factor called absolute permeabil...