Sulfonated polymer-based materials, among heterogeneous catalysts, are frequently utilized in chemical transformations due to their outstanding and physical durability. In this regard, a magnetic sulfonated melamine–formaldehyde resin (MSMF) catalyst was successfully prepared from mixture of Fe3O4 nanoparticles two steps. MSMF used as for the one-pot, three-component condensation benzyl pyrazol...

Aqueous biphasic catalysis is a convenient approach to convert organic, partially soluble molecules in water. However, converting more hydrophobic substrates is much more challenging as their solubility in water is extremely low. During the past ten years, substantial progress has been made towards improving the contact between hydrophobic substrates and a hydrophilic transition-metal catalyst....

This paper argues that Information Technology (IT) needs to be demystified, through critical consciousness, for educators to focus on IT as a means to enhance learning. It goes on to define the technical, sociohistorical and political-ideological levels of IT and to identify four theoretical constructs: tutorial, machine-as-human, tool kit and catalyst. Pervading these constructs is the underst...

The possibility of petroleum residues (tar and oxidized bitumen) modification with formaldehyde (37 % aqueous solution) has been studied at the temperature 393±3 K for 3 h in presence organic solvent using hydrochloric acid as a catalyst. Toluene, p-xylene, naphta n-octane were used solvents amount 0–40 wt relative to initial material. By means IR spectroscopy resin-like compounds affecting ope...

The catalytic properties of non-applied nickel-sulfide catalysts in the reactions hydrogenation and hydrodesulphurization coal tar from semi-coking Shubarkul field (Republic Kazakhstan) were studied to obtain data necessary for intensification resin processing technology, increasing yield improving quality resulting needle coke. As a feedstock, was used without preliminary dehydration (water co...

The epoxy resin market is faced with an ever increasing demand for a “designer” range of properties for the epoxy end-use products. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain a complete mechanism and accurate kinetic model that has predictive capabilities. This dissertation addresses the issue in two sections. The first section is an analysis of systematic theoretical studies on the mechanisms of fou...