The global nature of antimicrobial resistance and the failure to control the emergence of resistant organisms demand the implementation of a global surveillance program involving both developed and developing countries. Because of the urgent need for infection control interventions and for rapid distribution of information about emerging organisms, we initiated the International Network for the...

To reduce the losses caused by plant pathogens, plant biologists have adopted numerous methods to engineer resistant plants. Among them, RNA silencing-based resistance has been a powerful tool that has been used to engineer resistant crops during the last two decades. Based on this mechanism, diverse approaches were developed. In this review, we focus on the application of RNA silencing to prod...

Introduction / objectives Antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial pathogens is a significant problem in most clinical settings adding to the cost of medical care and the morbidity and mortality of patients. Enterobacteriaceae carrying extended spectrum b-lactamases(ESBLs), Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus (VRE), methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have emerged as significant p...

Certain Gram-positive bacteria, including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae have achieved the status of "superbugs", in that there are few or no antibiotics available for therapy against these pathogens. Only a few classes of novel antibiotics have been introduced in the past 40 years, and all since 199...

The intestinal tract provides an important reservoir for antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacilli, including Enterobacteriaceae species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Selective pressure exerted by antibiotics plays a crucial role in the emergence and dissemination of these pathogens. Many classes of antibiotics may promote intestinal colonization by health care-associat...

Untreatable bacterial infections (“the post-antibiotic era”) are far more likely to emerge in companion animals than in food animals, and have already arrived in the form of the multi-drug resistant (MDR) ESKAPE pathogens, the scourge of hospitals. These highly resistant, and in some cases hospital-adapted pathogens, are Enterococcus faecium, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermediu...

Introduction Because of increasing prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens, there are many difficulties in the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)/ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP). It is known that patients with MDR pathogens have high mortality and morbidity. We need to know the current status of pathogens and antibiotics therapy for a proper choice of initial antibio...

Background & Aims: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens in nosocomial infections. Vancomycin is the most important therapeutic drug of choice for treatment of infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Therefore, vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) or vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) strains are warning...

Abstract Treatment of bacterial infections with broad-spectrum antibiotics is a strategy severely limited by the decreased ability perturbed resident microbiota to control expansion antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) could provide an alternative in infection restoring gut colonization resistance and controlling resistant strains, important therapeutic need not b...

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat to public health. There dire need for new antibiotics as AMR threatens our last-resort efficacy.1,2 Myrtle plants have been used in folk medicine centuries. Essential oils from these demonstrated therapeutics effects. This study aims examine the antibacterial activity of essential extracted Myrtus communis L and Melaleuca leucadendro...