Sex differences in respiratory mechanics 1 DYSANAPSIS AND THE RESISTIVE WORK OF BREATHING DURING EXERCISE IN 1 HEALTHY MEN AND WOMEN 2 Paolo B. Dominelli, Yannick Molgat-Seon, Derek Bingham, Philippa M. Swartz, Jeremy D. 3 Road, Glen E. Foster and A. William Sheel 4 School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada 5 Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Sim...

Over the last 10 years, noninvasive ventilation has become a treatment option for respiratory insufficiency in pulmonology services. The technique is currently included in pulmonology teaching programs. Physicians and nurses should understand the devices they use and the interaction between the patient and the ventilator in terms of respiratory mechanics, adaptation, and synchronization. We pre...

Patient-specific mathematical models of respiratory mechanics can offer substantial insight into patient state and pulmonary dynamics that are not directly measurable. To assure bedside-applicability, the models must be computationally efficient and practically identifiable from the limited available data, while capturing dominant dynamics. This investigation measures the identifiability of a r...

BACKGROUND This study was designed to assess the effects of pneumoperitoneal pressure (PP) and positional changes on the respiratory mechanics during laparoscopy assisted colectomy. METHODS Peak inspiratory pressure, plateau pressure, lung compliance, and airway resistance were recorded in PP of 10 mmHg and 15 mmHg, with the position change in 5 steps: head-down at 20°, head-down at 10°, neut...

BACKGROUND Extraperitoneal laparoscopy has become a common technique for many surgical procedures, especially for inguinal hernia surgery. Investigations of physiological changes occurring during extraperitoneal carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation mostly focused on blood gas changes. To date, the impact of extraperitoneal CO2 insufflation on respiratory mechanics remains unknown, whereas changes ...

Dynamic collapse of the pulmonary airways, leading to flow limitation, is a significant event in a number of respiratory pathologies, including obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Quantitative evaluation of the mechanical status of the respiratory system in these conditions provides useful insights into airway caliber and tissue stiffness, which are hallm...

We investigated the effects of the prone position on the mechanical properties (compliance and resistance) of the total respiratory system, the lung, and the chest wall, and the functional residual capacity (FRC) and gas exchange in 17 normal, anesthetized, and paralyzed patients undergoing elective surgery. We used the esophageal balloon technique together with rapid airway occlusions during c...

BACKGROUND Respiratory mechanics models can aid in optimising patient-specific mechanical ventilation (MV), but the applications are limited to fully sedated MV patients who have little or no spontaneously breathing efforts. This research presents a time-varying elastance (E(drs)) model that can be used in spontaneously breathing patients to determine their respiratory mechanics. METHODS A ti...

BACKGROUND The spontaneous breathing pattern and its relationship to compliance, resistance, and work of breathing (WOB) has not been examined in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or acute lung injury (ALI). Clinically, the ratio of respiratory frequency to tidal volume (f/VT) during spontaneous breathing may reflect adaptation to altered compliance, resistance, and incre...