fabricated and prefabricated. In the late 19th century, the “Richmond crown,” a single-piece post-retained crown with a porcelain facing, was engineered to function as a bridge retainer. Richmond crown is not post and core system but it is customized, cast able post and crown system as both are single unit and casted together. It is easier to make cast metal restorations with the aid of posts f...

PURPOSE The authors directly compared 3 frequently used methods of heart-rate-based training-intensity-distribution (TID) quantification in a large sample of training sessions performed by elite endurance athletes. METHODS Twenty-nine elite cross-country skiers (16 male, 13 female; 25 ± 4 y; 70 ± 11 kg; 76 ± 7 mL · min-1 · kg-1 VO2max) conducted 570 training sessions during a ~14-d altitude-t...

Depression is a serious psychiatric disorder frequently comorbid with autoimmune disorders. Previous work in our lab has demonstrated that repeated corticosterone (CORT) injections in rats reliably increase depressive-like behavior, impair hippocampal-dependent memory, reduce the number and complexity of adult-generated neurons in the dentate gyrus, decrease hippocampal reelin expression, and a...

In the adult brain, neurogenesis persistently occurs in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), and impaired neurogenesis is implicated in depressive behaviors and poor learning memory. Here, we investigated the effects of oral administration of spiro[imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3,2-indan]-2(3H)-one (ZSET1446/ST101), a novel cognitive enhancer stimulating acetylcholine release, o...

Apical segments of roots of Zea mays L. cv. Orla and cv. Anjou show a strong georeaction during 7 hours geostimulation. This is abolished by detipping the segments and restored by replacing the tips upon the apical cut surfaces. After exodiffusion of endogenous indoleacetic acid (IAA) the retipped segments showed a significantly lower geocurvature. Application of low concentrations of IAA to th...

Background and aims Swedish boreal streams were modified to transport timber by pushing boulders to stream sides, creating levees that disconnected streams from riparian areas. Many streams have since been restored and our goal was to understand how this affects riparian nitrogen (N) cycling. Methods We compared the natural abundance of δN isotopes in foliage and roots of Filipendula ulmaria pl...

The purpose of this study was to observe the pulpal response of bacterially infected cavities restored with either Gluma or Scotchbond. Cl V cavities (120) were distributed throughout the dentitions of five adult Macaca mulatta monkeys at intervals of 8 and 90 days. Each cavity was left open to the oral microflora for 48 hours to allow bacterial invasion of the remaining dentin. Six treatment g...

AIM this study compared the outcome of immediate non-occlusal loading with conventional loading for single implants in the maxillary aesthetic zone. It was hypothesized that immediate non-occlusal loading is not inferior to conventional loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS sixty-two patients with a missing maxillary anterior tooth were randomly assigned to be treated with an implant that was either...