In this paper, we have considered an economic order quantity model for deteriorating items with two-level trade credit policy in which a delay in payment is offered by a supplier to a retailer and also an another delay in payment is offered by the retailer to his/her all customers. Here, it is proposed that the demand function is dependent on the length of the customer's credit period and also ...

Factory Gate Pricing (FGP) is a relatively new phenomenon in retail distribution. Under FGP, products are no longer delivered at the retailer distribution center, but collected by the retailer at the factory gates of the suppliers. Owing to both the asymmetry in the distribution networks (the supplier sites greatly outnumber the retailer distribution centers) and the better inventory and transp...

This study investigates a two-echelon supply chain model for deteriorating inventory in which the retailer’s warehouse has a limited capacity. The system includes one wholesaler and one retailer and aims to minimise the total cost. The demand rate in retailer is stock-dependent and in case of any shortages, the demand is partially backlogged. The warehouse capacity in the retailer (OW) is limit...

The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the retailer’s inventory policy under two levels of trade credit to reflect the supply chain management situation. In this paper, we assume that the retailer has the powerful decision-making right. So, we extend the assumption that the retailer can obtain the full trade credit offered by the supplier and the retailer just offers the partial trade...

Purpose: This paper investigates the influence of channel structures and channel coordination on the supplier, the retailer, and the entire supply chain in the context of two different kinds of marketing models: the common retailer and the exclusive shop. Design/methodology/approach: With suppliers who manufacture the alternative commodities and retailers in the dual-channel supply chains as th...

The retail environment is a major social determinant of health, yet little is known about the e-cigarette specialty retailer environment. The e-cigarette specialty retail environment may be associated with e-cigarette use by middle and high school students, an issue that was addressed in a recent article entitled, "E-cigarette use among students and e-cigarette specialty retailer presence near ...

We consider a continuous-review inventory problem for a retailer who faces random disruptions both internally and externally (from its supplier). We formulate the expected inventory cost at this retailer and analyze the properties of the cost function. In particular, we show that the cost function is quasi-convex and therefore can be efficiently optimized to numerically find the optimal order s...

T article studies a single-location inventory model with random leadtimes. Inventory is replenished by a single supplier who, at the time a replenishment order is received, knows exactly when the order will be delivered. In other words, the supplier knows the leadtime for every replenishment order. Suppose the singlelocation inventory system is managed by a retailer. The objective of this artic...

We consider a two-echelon inventory system where the exogenous demands occur only at the retailer locations, and the demand rates are functions of an underlying continuoustime Markov chain. This underlying process may represent, for example, general economic conditions, the number of active users in the system, etcetera. Each retailer location follows a base-stock policy that is independent of ...

In this research, two risk hedging strategies, the option contract and the advance purchase discount contract, are investigated within a manufacturer–retailer two-echelon supply chain context. This study offers three contributions. First, the optimal decisions under the two contracts from the perspectives of both the manufacturer and the retailer are determined. Second, circumstances under whic...