INTRODUCTION An ideal orthograde or retrograde filling material should seal the pathways of communication between the root canal system and its surrounding tissues. It should also be nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, nongenotoxic, biocompatible, insoluble in tissue fluids, and dimensionally stable. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was developed and recommended initially because existing root-end filli...

A 29-year-old woman presented with right-sided abdominal pain and jaundice. The patient was postpartum but otherwise healthy. Her total bilirubin level was 74μmol/L. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a 9-mm dilated proximal common bile duct (CBD), a suspected CBD stone and a distended gallbladder with gallstones. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP); however, ...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the biological behaviour of branch duct type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) by evaluating serial changes at magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Fifty-two patients with a diagnosis of branch duct IPMN based on either endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (9/52) and/or MRCP examination (43/52), were followed ...

OBJECTIVE A comparative study is made of the histological effects of silver amalgam versus compomer (Dyract) 90 days after placement as retrograde filling materials in experimental animals. METHOD Six Beagle dogs were used, with total pulpectomy and orthograde material filling followed by periapical surgery of the 6 upper and 6 lower incisors (for a total of 72 teeth). Thirty-six teeth corres...

Background: The apical seal is the single most important factor in determining the success of surgical endodontics, the aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in three different cavity designs. Materials and Methods: Thirty extracted human single-rooted teeth were divided into three groups of ten teeth per group, a retrograde cavity preparation was ca...

INTRODUCTION The importance of the retrograde cavity preparation and the material used to restore is of utmost importance to achieve successful surgical endodontics. AIM The aim of the present study is to evaluate the apical micro-leakage of root end cavities filled with Mineral trioxide aggregate, Biodentine and light cure GIC using two different cavity preparation techniques that is convent...

agnostic workup because of elevated serum liver enzyme levels (γ-glutamyltransferase 53.94 μkat/L, reference range 0.00–0.63). A transabdominal ultrasound revealed dilated extrahepatic bile ducts, and on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) the common bile duct (CBD) was dilated with hyperechoic fociwith no acoustic shadowing within, and a 20-mm hyperechoic frond-like mass was noted within the infundibu...

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. FIG. 1. Abdominopelvic computed tomo-graphy (CT) scan showed a heterogeneous enhancing mass ...

Visualization of the vasculature is becoming increasingly important for understanding many different disease states. While several techniques exist for imaging vasculature, few are able to visualize the vascular network as a whole while extending to a resolution that includes the smaller vessels. Additionally, many vascular casting techniques destroy the surrounding tissue, preventing further a...