An effective alternative for water purification is reverse osmosis (RO). Laboratory-scale RO modeling widely applied worldwide, and allows the evaluation of behavior system to find most convenient operating variables be in future industrial scale-ups. Statistical models provide a wide range information that statistical prediction operation plant, us obtain efficiency indices its development; th...

The production of titanium dioxide via the sulfuric acid process generates large amounts acidic wastewater. Investigating possibility reusing this wastewater after deep treatment can reduce pollutant discharge and conserve water resources. In a pilot study, dual-membrane method ultrafiltration (UF) reverse osmosis (RO) was employed to perform treatments sulfuric-acid–titanium-dioxide findings s...

The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative environmental impacts of coupled seawater desalination and water reclamation using a novel hybrid system that consist of an osmotically driven membrane process and established membrane desalination technologies. A comparative life cycle assessment methodology was used to differentiate between a novel hybrid process consisting of forward...

effluent from ro (reverse osmosis) systems during recovery gradually becomes concentrated and supersaturated with soluble salts such as calcium carbonate (caco3), calcium sulfate (caso4), barium sulfate (baso4) and silica (sio2). thus we were looking for procedures to prevent precipitation of soluble salts on the membrane surface and decrease membrane permeability. therefore, recovery could be ...

Scarcity of fresh water, forced many countries to get their water needs, or part it, by means saline desalination. Reverse osmosis (RO) systems are useful tools in this concern. In case the grid electricity is not available costly, photovoltaic (PV) power necessary derive RO systems. The present paper concerned with providing a methodology for complete sizing and design reverse (PVRO) system Eg...

In this study, three desalination exergy analysis models including the Cerci et al. model (Model A), Drioli B) and electrolyte solution C), were developed on an existing reverse osmosis (RO) plant in Oman (Plant ALG). A modified ultrapure water (UPW) unit fed by Plant ALG has also been proposed A) based technology used a UPW operated under climate of Europe European river B). The most suitable ...

The flexibility of membrane contactors (MCs) is highlighted for a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant. MCs are applied as pre-treatment the oxygen removal and pH reduction seawater, also post-treatment increase RO permeate brine volume. A decrease seawater down to neutral values, needed when coagulation used in line RO, together with an up 7.58, matching target produced water, can be obtain...

A finite element based numerical model has been employed to describe momentum and mass transfer in open and spacer-filled crossflow membrane channels. Simulations considering operating conditions typical of seawater (SW), brackish water (BW), and reuse water (RW) reverse osmosis (RO) applications are employed for optimization of hypothetical spiral wound element feed spacer designs. Preliminary...

In this study, the applicability of nanofiltration (NF) membranes as a pretreatment prior to reverse osmosis (RO) in seawater desalination was investigated. The membranes used wereNF270 and NF90 as the NF membranes, while the brackish water (BW) RO membrane BW30 was used as the RO membrane. In desalination tests, permeates of the NF membraneswere collected and used as the feed to th...

The use of renewable energy for desalination started in the 1980s, order to provide a sustainable water supply windy/sunny areas with shortages. Nevertheless, this initiative has been generally limited R&D field and prototypes, few units operating under real conditions. research tradition carried out by Canary Islands Institute Technology, based on pilot facilities, resulted wide expertise ...