PURPOSE To provide the anatomical knowledge necessary to draw biopsy routes by using an anterior approach above and below the first rib to avoid internal mammary vessel damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anatomy of internal mammary vessels above and below the first rib was assessed by thin-section computed tomography (CT) analysis of 61 adults. The visibility of the internal mammary vessels, t...

To our knowledge, the clinical characteristics of traumatic vertebral fractures and concomitant fractures of the rib (TVF-RF) have not been described in previous studies.To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients managed for TVF-RF. A retrospective study of 3142 patients who presented with traumatic vertebral fractures was performed. Two hundred twenty-six patients (7.2%) suffered ...

Introduction: The elastic modulus of human rib bone derived from tensile coupon tests (13.9GPa) could be too high for applications in Finite Element (FE) modeling of the human thorax, as the homogenous elements lack the microstructure of typical rib bone. In this study MicroCT scans of ribs from three cadavers were used to determine homogenized elastic moduli of ribs that could be applied to so...

The stabilizing effect of the rib cage on the human thoracic spine is still not sufficiently analyzed. For a better understanding of this effect as well as the calibration and validation of numerical models of the thoracic spine, experimental biomechanics data is required. This study aimed to determine (1) the stabilizing effect of the single rib cage structures on the human thoracic spine as w...

The pressure acting on the part of the Rib Cage that is apposed to the costal surface of the lung is quite different from that acting on the part apposed to the diaphragm. The non uniformity of pressure distribution led Agostoni and D’Angelo (1985) to suggest that the rib cage could be usefully regarded as consisting of two compartments mechanically coupled to each other (Agostoni & D’Angelo, 1...

This paper presents an automated and comprehensive system for eliminating rib shadows in chest radiographs, which integrates lung field identification, rib segmentation, rib intensity estimation, and suppression. We designed a region of interest (ROI)-based method to estimate a suitable initial lung boundary for active shape model (ASM) deformation by determining the translation and scaling par...

BACKGROUND Spinal cord compression and associate neurological impairment is rare in patients with scoliosis and neurofibromatosis. Common reasons are vertebral subluxation, dislocation, angulation and tumorous lesions around the spinal canal. Only twelve cases of intraspinal rib dislocation have been reported in the literature. The aim of this report is to present a case of rib penetration thro...

INTRODUCTION The internal mammary vessels (IMVs) are increasingly the recipients for free flap breast reconstruction (FFBR). Access traditionally entails removing a segment of the third costal cartilage. Despite excellent exposure, some authors have reported localized tenderness as well as a thoracic contour deformity. We introduced the "total rib preservation" technique for IMV exposure after ...

-We describe a system of computer algorithms that finds the rib cage in chest radiographs. Our algorithms link the dorsal and ventral portions of the rib contours such that each rib is identified and can be displayed individually. In a preliminary application of our system to five adult chest radiographs, about 90)o of the ribs were found, and ca. 15% of the computed rib contours were false. Pa...

During embryogenesis, primordial germ cells (PGCs) and somatic gonadal precursor cells (SGPs) migrate and coalesce to form the early gonad. A failure of the PGCs and SGPs to form a gonad with the proper architecture not only affects germ cell development, but can also lead to infertility. Therefore, it is critical to identify the molecular mechanisms that function within both the PGCs and SGPs ...