Metal-graphene interfaces generated by electrode deposition induce barriers or potential modulations influencing the electronic transport properties of graphene based devices. However, their impact on the local mechanical properties of graphene is much less studied. Here we show that graphene near a metallic interface can exhibit a set of ripples self-organized into domains whose topographic ro...

BACKGROUND Advocates of subglandular and subpectoral augmentations, respectively, each feel that the benefits of their method outweigh any drawbacks. OBJECTIVE A comparative analysis of subglandular and subpectoral augmentation results was undertaken over a decade to compare long-term results. METHODS Data were collected from 100 patients who underwent subglandular augmentation and 100 who ...

Savannas are tropical formations in which trees and grasses coexist. According to the "honeycomb rippling model", inter-tree competition leads to an effect of trees growing and dying due to competition, which, at fine spatial scale, would resemble honeycomb rippling. The model predicts that the taller the trees, the higher the inter-tree distances and the evenness of inter-tree distances. The m...

Non-geometric string backgrounds were proposed to be related to a nonassociative deformation of the space-time geometry. In the flux formulation of double field theory (DFT), the structure of mathematically possible non-associative deformations is analyzed in detail. It is argued that on-shell there should not be any violation of associativity in the effective DFT action. For imposing either th...

Adequate fill of any breast implant, regardless of shell characteristics, shape, or filler material, is important to prevent implant shell wrinkling, folding, or collapse that could potentially decrease the life of the implant. Implant shell life is a major factor that affects reoperation rates. The greater the necessity of reoperations, regardless of implant type, the greater the rate of local...

We study mechanisms for wavenumber selection in a minimal model for run-and-tumble dynamics. We show that nonlinearity in tumbling rates induces the existence of a plethora of traveling- and standing-wave patterns, as well as a subtle selection mechanism for the wavenumbers of spatio-temporally periodic waves. We comment on possible implications for rippling patterns observed in colonies of myx...

C-factor, the product of the csgA gene, is a cell-surface associated short-range intercellular signaling protein in Myxococcus xanthus. C-factor is required for at least four responses during starvation-induced fruiting body morphogenesis: rippling, aggregation, sporulation, and full expression of the csgA gene, all of which fail in a csgA mutant. To analyze the C-factor signaling pathway, eigh...

The csgA mutations of Myxococcus xanthus (formerly known as spoC) inhibit sporulation as well as rippling, which involves ridges of cells moving in waves. Sporulating revertants of CsgA cells were isolated by direct selection, since spores are much more resistant to heat and ultrasonic treatment than are vegetative cells. The revertants fell into seven groups on the basis of phenotype and the c...

BACKGROUND Acellular dermal matrix has been increasingly accepted in prosthetic breast reconstruction. Observed benefits include improved control and support of implant position, better implant coverage, and the suggestion of a decreased capsular contracture rate. Based on this positive experience, it is not surprising that acellular dermal matrix would be applied to other challenging implant-r...