the congestion pricing has been discussed as a practical tool for traffic management on urban transport networks. the traffic congestion is defined as an external diseconomy on the network in transport economics. it has been proposed that the congestion pricing would be used to reduce the traffic on the network. this paper investigates the cordon-based second-best congestion-pricing problems on...

background and aims: this study aimed to investigate the deaths and injuries following pedestrian traffic accidents and factors associated with death of pedestrian in tehran and alborz provinces. methods: in this cross-sectional study all traffic accidents related to pedestrians in tehran and alborz provinces reported from march 21, 2013 to march 21, 2014 by the traffic police were studied. the...

background and aim: more than 50% of road fatalities occur in the 15 to 44-years old which are the young and active group of the society. one of the effective ways to reduce road accidents is using safety belts. in this study the rate of seat belt use and its associated factors have been estimated in the 15 to 44-years old of kerman. materials and methods: this study was a cross-sectional descr...

Road rage and road traffic accidents increase the burden of morbidity and mortality in a population. A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted among commercial vehicle drivers in Lahore, Pakistan (n = 901) to record their behaviours/experiences regarding road rage and road traffic accidents. Respondents were asked about incidents of shouting/cursing/rude gestures or threa...

An up-to-date review of rural road accident statistics for Iran is presented The review considers sources of accident statistics in Iran and the means by which they are collected. The statistics are considered in relation to accident causal and risk factors. A comparison is made with statistics available for other countries at a similar stage of development and countries with highly developed e...

we are concerned: the number of road traffic fatalities is rising since 2014 again, in germany, in the european ::union::, in the usa, after a continuous decline over the last 40 years. many reasons are discussed:  human behaviour, e.g. texting while driving; no respect for traffic rules; daily life competition, who will be the fastest; more traffic, more vehicles, more kilometres driven. the i...

We compare three road classification systems to actual traffic counts in order to assess how well the classification systems perform as indicators of traffic volume, assuming that clear differentiation of traffic volumes among classes is desirable. Actual traffic counts were obtained for 215 locations in the Greater Vancouver Regional District(GVRD); the British Columbia provincial Digital Road...

We present in this article an algebraic approach to model and simulate road traffic networks. By defining a set of road traffic systems and adequate concatenating operators in that set, we show that large regular road networks can be easily modeled and simulated. We define elementary road traffic systems which we then connect to each other and obtain larger systems. For the traffic modeling, we...