To determine the levels and variations of carbonaceous aerosol in Hong Kong, PM2.5 and PM10 samples were collected by high volume (Hi-vol) samplers at three monitoring stations (representing middle-scale roadside, urban-, and regional-scale environments) during winter (November 2000 to February 2001) and summer (June 2001 to August 2001) periods. The highest concentrations of organic carbon (OC...

We present a routing guidance approach that can be used in Automated Highway Systems (AHS). We consider automated highway systems in which intelligent vehicles organised in platoons drive to their destination, controlled by a hierarchical control framework. In this framework there are roadside controllers that provide speed and lane allocation instructions to the platoons. These roadside contro...

Concentrations of four typical heavy metals (Cu; Zn; Cd and Pb) in roadside soils close to three lakes in the Tibetan Plateau were investigated in this study. The hierarchical tree-based regression method was applied to classify concentrations of the heavy metals and analyze their potential influencing factors. It was found that the Tibetan Plateau meadow soils with higher content of sand lead ...

In response to the vast loss of prairie area in western and southern Minnesota and the concern over plant genetic loss and soil erosion that resulted, this study set to determine the success of prairie reconstruction along Minnesota roadways. Areas around rest stops on major highways were seeded with prairie plants. As nitrogen is commonly limited in natural environments, legumes-known for thei...

The realization of novel vehicular services requires a distributed computing and data management architecture in the roadside nodes. We illustrate the proposed architecture with a data transport service that can cope with connectivity disruptions, inherent to this kind of mobility. We discuss the results obtained by running the disruption tolerant service in a field trial on Austrian motorways.

Over the past decade, worldwide increases in terrorist activities by both state and non-state actors has created a need for a real-time monitoring system that can identify and classify potential threats from a safe stand-off distance. Specifically, since the beginning of both the Iraq and Afghan wars, a major concern for coalition forces has been maintaining security for their bases, convoys, t...

A Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is a form of Mobile ad-hoc network, to provide communications among nearby vehicles and between vehicles and nearby fixed roadside equipment. The key operation in VANETs is the broadcast of messages. Its main goal is to improve safety and comfort for passengers, but it can also be used for commercial applications. In this latter case, it will be necessary to m...

Roads and their associated effects (road-kill, pollution, etc.) have a largely negative impact on animals, especially amphibians, but not all species are affected to the same degree. Variation in life histories may explain some of these differences. Here, we examine how abundance of anuran species in roadside habitats is correlated with an aspect of reproductive life history: number of eggs pro...

Nacrtak Roadside chipping is a common harvesting system to produce chips in Australian plantations. This study investigated the productivity and cost of road-side chipping operation (chipping logs extracted by forwarder to the road side) using a Morbark chipper with flail delimber in a first thinning of Pinus radiata stands. An elemental time study method was used to collect the time working cy...

This paper presents an analysis of the technical requirements for Internet Protocol (IP) and Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol to support Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) which is a critical element of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). This study classifies the DSRC applications into four categories: unicast vehicle-to-vehicle, unicast roadside-to-vehicle, broadcast veh...