The movement to preserve and advance reproductive freedom is suffering the consequences of a great victory. The establishment of the constitutional right to abortion in Roe v. Wade was a monumental step that changed the lives of American women. Girls grow up today under the mantle of Roe, never having known a world in which illegal, unsafe , degrading and sometimes fatal abortions were the norm...

Albert Woolley and Cecil Roe were healthy, middle-aged men who became paraplegic after spinal anaesthesia for minor surgery at the Chesterfield Royal Hospital in 1947. The spinal anaesthetics were given by the same anaesthetist, Dr Malcolm Graham, using the same drug on the same day at the same hospital. The outcome for the patients and their families was devastating, as it was for the use of s...

Cross-section finance studies virtually never test variables for unit roots, though econometric validity depends on testing. This paper develops a cross-section unit-root test and uses it on annual data for the return on equity and the return on invested capital, ROE and ROIC, key variables in the Edwards-BellOhlson (EBO) accounting and Free Cash Flow (FCF) finance valuation models. Conventiona...

This article critiques the notion of abortion as a “positive liberty.” The author argues that the court’s holding in Roe v. Wade created a negative right to abortion, meaning that an individual seeking an abortion is merely protected from government interference. Over time, ”pro-abortion” advocates have sought a positive right to access an abortion, including government funding. The author find...

The paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) is a primitive fish that is found in several large rivers of the Mississippi River drainage. The status of paddlefish populations in these large rivers is debatable due to several factors including habitat loss, contaminants and commercial fishing (Sparrowe 1986; Gundersen and Pearson 1992). The roe of female paddlefish is used to make domestic caviar and comm...

Almost ten years after the landmark decision in Roe v. Wade [5] (1973) the battle over abortion [6] was still being waged. The reproductive rights [7] of women in the United States were being challenged by the Pennsylvania Abortion Control Act of 1982 [8]. The act was comprised of four provisions that restricted the fundamental right a woman had to obtaining an abortion [6], as established in R...