The several anatomical variations existing in the root canal system may contribute to failure of the root canal therapy. Knowledge of the internal dental morphology is a complex and extremely important point for planning and performing endodontic therapy. This paper reports the case of a left mandibular third molar that presented only one dental conical root and only one aberrant radicular cana...

Root fracture is defined as a fracture involving the dentin, cementum, and pulp. Most fractures occur in the maxillary anterior teeth between the ages of 11 and 20 years old. The treatment for root fracture in permanent teeth involves the reduction and fixation of the displaced coronal segment. When signs of pulp necrosis or inflammatory root resorption are present, root canal therapy should be...

Adequate cleaning, shaping and filling of the root canal system are mandatory for successful root canal treatment. Thorough knowledge of root canal morphology and unusual anatomy of the tooth is critical for the practitioner. The occurrence and location of the third mesial canal (Middle Mesial Canal) in mandibular first and second molars in relation to other two mesial canals that were treated ...

1. The infected root canal space cannot be cleaned and disinfected with the standard root canal protocol using an aggressive procedure with endodontic files. 2. After the disinfecting phase of treatment has been completed, filling the root canal is difficult because the open apex provides no barrier for containing the root filling material without impinging on periodontal tissues. 3. Even after...

AIM To review the literature on pulp chamber and root canal obliteration in anterior teeth and to establish a clear protocol for managing teeth with fine, tortuous canal systems. SUMMARY Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) occurs commonly following traumatic injuries to teeth. Approximately 4-24% of traumatized teeth develop varying degrees of pulpal obliteration that is characterized by the appare...

Objectives This study sought to assess the root morphology and root canal anatomy of the maxillary first and second molars in an Iranian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods Sound fully-developed maxillary first (n=345) and second (n=423) molars were evaluated on 450 CBCT scans ordered for pre-operative assessment for implant placement. The (I) number o...

External inflammatory root resorption (EIR) represents a challenge in endodontic practice. EIR commonly occurs after dental trauma that results in periodontal ligament injury, pulp necrosis and subsequent infection.  Treatment of EIR is based on disinfecting the root canal system through chemomechanical procedures and then filling it with calcium hydroxide or triple antibiotic paste. Dental tra...

the major objective in endodontic therapy is to disinfect the entire root canal system. this requires that the pulpal content be eliminated as sources of infection. this goal may be accomplished by mechanical instrumentation and chemical irrigation, in conjunction with medication of the root canal between treatment sessions. microorganisms and their by-products are considered to be the major ca...

In this case report, a mature third mandibular molar was transplanted in the socket of a hopeless first mandibular molar of the same quadrant. A 32-year-old woman was diagnosed with strip perforation of her left first lower molar. Orthograde and retrograde treatments were unsuccessful. The tooth was extracted and replaced by the third molar of the same quadrant. Following transplantation, the t...

INTRODUCTION This clinical study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of 1-visit versus 2-visit root canal treatment in removing endotoxins and cultivable bacteria from primarily infected root canals. METHODS Forty-eight primarily infected root canals were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: G1, 1% NaOCl; G2, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel; G3, 1% NaOCl + Ca(OH)2; and G4, 2% CHX ge...