−− This work presents a mathematical modeling and steady state simulation study of the pilot scale rotary kiln behavior, which was designed to activate charcoal obtained from the raw materials of region of Cuyo-Argentina. The proposed model aims for acquiring useful information to select operating conditions and design parameters. It is a simplified mathematical model that consists of a system ...

"Pre-separator plus1D2D cyclone" and "pre-separator plus 1D3D cyclone" systems were tested with ground gin trash, which contains 10.35% lint fiber and 5.49% fine dust (less than 100 μm). Test results indicate that the pre-separator collected gin trash at over 97% collection efficiency. There were no significant differences in emission concentrations and overall collection efficiencies from thes...

The catalyst loss is one of the main faults that affects long-term run an FCC unit. Most faults, namely excessive emissions catalyst, are closely related to cyclone separators. separator usually caused by abnormal changes in some aspects, such as operational conditions and equipment performance integrity, which directly gas–solid separating operation separation performance. This paper firstly s...

The separation of bubbles in a gas–liquid cyclone is complicated. A combination numerical simulation and visual experimentation was considered apt to reveal the microscopic mechanisms bubble flow. First all, cyclones with different structures were numerically simulated. calculation results show that larger diameter exhaust port, better flow effect. When port 24 mm, gas discharge efficiency 8% h...

During combustion of alternative fuels in the material inlet end of cement rotary kilns, local reducing conditions may occur and cause reductive decomposition of sulfates from calcined cement raw materials. Decomposition of sulfates is problematic because it increases the gas-phase SO2 concentration, whichmay cause deposit formation in the kiln system. In this study, the release of sulfur from ...

The design of a regulatory control strategy for a pilot rotary kiln to produce activated carbon is presented. A complex dynamic behavior with high non-linearity and an important dead time characterizes the rotary kiln operation. The main control objective of the process is to maintain the solid temperature profile inside of a narrow limit in order to produce an activated carbon with acceptable ...

Separators are used to protect cathodes from biofouling and to avoid electrode short-circuiting, but they can adversely affect microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance. A spray method was used to apply a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) separator to the cathode. Power densities were unaffected by the PVA separator (339±29mW/m(2)), compared to a control lacking a separator in a low conductivity solution (1m...

The Gaussian-process (GP) model is an example of a probabilistic, nonparametric model with uncertainty predictions. It can be used for the modelling of complex nonlinear systems and also for dynamic systems identification. The output of the GP model is a normal distribution, expressed in terms of the mean and variance. At present it is applied mostly for the modelling of dynamic systems with on...

The heat penetration into the solid bed of rotary drums was experimentally investigated. An indirect heated rotary drum with a diameter of D=600 mm and a length L=450 mm has been used for this purpose. Temperature profiles of the gas, the drum wall and the solid bed were measured using 16 Type K thermocouples assembled on both a rotating and a fixed rod that attached inside the drum. Hence, the...

This work aims to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasonic degassing when applied to the AlSi9Cu3 alloy when compared with other degassing techniques. The mechanism of aluminium degassing is discussed. A suitable ultrasonic degassing apparatus including a novel MMM (Multi-frequency Multimode Modulated) technology, able to supply up to 1.2 kW power under a frequency up to 25 kHz, was developed spec...