In the mild and humid climate of northwestern Europe, fungal pre-harvest rots are a major factor limiting the production of soft-fruits such as strawberries and raspberries. By far the most important fungal disease is grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers.:Fr., now known to be an aggregate of at least two distinct species (Fournier et al., 2005; Giraud et al., 1999). Primary infections are...

Functional imaging techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has the potential for early diagnosis of malignant tumors. However, 4050% of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). a common malignancy worldwide. can hardly be detected by the widely used '*FF-2-fluoro-2-deo~~-D-glucose (FDG) PET. "C-acetate PET has recently been found effective for detecting HCC. To perform quantitative analysi...

We present ab initio calculations for the magnetic properties of the ~001! and ~110! bcc Fe/Co interfaces. The calculations are performed by the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green’s-function method using the local-density approximation of density-functional theory. Of central interest is the relation between the hyperfine fields induced on substitutional Cd probe atoms and the magnetization profile a...

Leaf spots and root rots are major fungal diseases in Camptotheca acuminata that limit cultivation of the plant for camptothecin (CPT), a promising anticancer and antiviral alkaloid. Bioassays showed that pure CPT and flavonoids (trifolin and hyperoside) isolated from Camptotheca effectively control fungal pathogens in vitro, including Alternaria alternata, Epicoccum nigrum, Pestalotia guepinii...

This article aims to give a comprehensive review on the use of microbial antagonists (fungi and bacteria), botanicals and compost extracts as biocontrol agents against different pathogenic fungi causing postharvest fungal rots in rosaceous fruits which shows that they can play an important role in the biomanagement of fungi causing rot diseases. Plant extracts reported in the literature against...

Charcoal rot of sorghum caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina is a root & stalk rot disease of great destructive potential in most sorghum glowing regions. Improved, high yielding cultivars under great management tends to be very susceptible to the disease. M.phaseolina is a common soil borne, non aggressive and plurevourous pathogen that attacks plants. Whose vigor has been reduced by u...

We present a formal model of Janzen's influential theory that competition for resources between microbes and vertebrates causes microbes to be selected to make these resources unpalatable to vertebrates. That is, fruit rots, seeds mould and meat spoils, in part, because microbes gain a selective advantage if they can alter the properties of these resources to avoid losing the resources to verte...