Rubber exhibits unusual sliding friction. When rubber is slid on a hard, rough substrate, the surface asperities of the substrate exert oscillating forces on the rubber surface leading to energy ‘‘dissipation’’ via the internal friction of the rubber. I estimate this contribution to the friction force and compare the results with the experimental data of Grosch. Because of its low elastic modul...

The problem of the mixing of gases in the lungs and the factors determining this mixing have been investigated by many workers. A systematic study has been recently reported by Lundsgaard and Schierbeck (1923), where references to the earlier work may be found. They concluded that. results .obtained with hydrogen could be extended to other gases (oxygen, nitrous oxide, and carbon monoxide). Thr...

In Thailand, RSS chamber of community-level rubber cooperatives can be classified into two models: old and new model, named after the years of their establishment. Hot gas as a heat supply from Para-rubber (PR) wood (Hevea brasiliensis) combustion is used for removing moisture from the natural rubber (NR) sheets. Smoke and soot particles from PR wood burning has effected to the quality of the N...

In Thailand, RSS chamber of community-level rubber cooperatives can be classified into two models: old and new model, named after the years of their establishment. Hot gas as a heat supply from Para-rubber (PR) wood (Hevea brasiliensis) combustion is used for removing moisture from the natural rubber (NR) sheets. Smoke and soot particles from PR wood burning has effected to the quality of the N...

In this paper the effect of a novel bifunctional additive [cyclic butylene terephthalate (CBT)] was investigated on the rheological, curing and mechanical properties of natural rubber (NR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), oil extended styrene butadiene rubber (oSBR), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM). Results showed, that CBT acted as an effective l...

The ability of hardness discrimination in 11 implant denture wearers was compared with those in 10 bridge wearers and 11 normal dentate subjects. The hardness discrimination was tested using silicone rubber blocks having rubber hardness that ranged at intervals of 10 degrees from 30 degrees to 70 degrees. Using a rubber block with rubber hardness of 50 degrees as a standard, the ability of disc...

Changing the visual body appearance by use of as virtual reality system, funny mirror, or binocular glasses has been reported to be helpful in rehabilitation of pain. However, there are interindividual differences in the analgesic effect of changing the visual body image. We hypothesized that a negative body image associated with changing the visual body appearance causes interindividual differ...

Questions have been raised regarding possible exposures when playing sports on synthetic turf fields cushioned with crumb rubber. Rubber is a complex mixture with some components possessing toxic and carcinogenic properties. Exposure is possible via inhalation, given that chemicals emitted from rubber might end up in the breathing zone of players and these players have high ventilation rates. P...

polymer application for the improvement and modification of the bitumen used in roads surfaces has expanded in recent decades. the roads engineers and constructors, therefore, have used the modified bitumen in asphalts helping in this way to increase roads and pavements service life and improving the durability of the roads and asphalts. the bitumen used in asphalt mixture constitutes only a lo...