this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of electron beam irradiation at doses of 250 and 500 kgy on the chemical composition and ruminal dry matter (dm) and neutral detergent fiber (ndf) degradability of wheat straw. nylon bags of untreated or irradiated wheat straw were suspended in the rumen of three rams for up to 72 h, and resulting data were fitted to non-linear degradation model t...

maedi-visna (mv) virus and caprine arthritis encephalitis (cae) virus known as small ruminant lentiviruses (srlvs) cause chronic diseases in susceptible animals. the main reservoirs of these viral agents are sheep and goat. in sheep, mv virus causes a disease as the same name of the virus. this is the first seroprevalence survey of srlvs in sheep population of khorasan-e-razavi province in iran...

livestock have made major contribution to human societies by providing food, shelter, fuel, and services.  sheep and goat are economically important livestock play an important socioeconomic role for small and large farmers in libya.  small ruminant animal meat is popular for libyan customers, and demand is particularly high during religious and cultural festivals.  small ruminants is valued fo...

Food processing and consumption by herbivores are affected differently the availability of forage quality quantity per unit time. This demonstrates “Allometric response concept”, it is considered a significant determinant in habitat use for foraging grazers. The relevance this approach has comprehensively been applied to different body sizes, but little known about its demonstration explain pat...

Bloat is a disorder of ruminants caused by retention of gas in the stomach. Gas is produced continuously and in large amounts in the ruminant stomach and is eliminated normaUy by the animal without difficulty. Sometimes, however, the rate of elimination falls behind the rate of production so that gas starts to accumulate in the rumino-reticulum (hereinafter called the rumen). If the disparity c...

J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 88, E-Suppl. 2/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 93, E-Suppl. 1/Poult. Sci. Vol. 89, E-Suppl. 1 T361 In vitro methane production from increasing levels of cornor wheat-based dried distillers grains with solubles. M. Hünerberg*1, L. Holtshausen2, T. A. McAllister2, K. A. Beauchemin2, and E. Okine1, 1University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Agriculture and AgriFood Canada, Lethbridge, AB...

J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 88, E-Suppl. 2/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 93, E-Suppl. 1/Poult. Sci. Vol. 89, E-Suppl. 1 M431 Prediction of residual feed intake in beef heifers by infrared thermography. J. J. Colyn*1, A. L. Schaefer1, J. A. Basarab2, E. K. Okine3, T. Liu1, K. L. Robertson2, and S. L. Scott4, 1Agriculture and Agrifood Canada, Lacombe Research Centre, Lacombe, AB, Canada, 2Alberta Agriculture, Lacomb...

A study was conducted to determine the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) synthesized from sunflower oil on growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of heavy pigs. Thirty-six pigs, half barrows and half females, averaging 97 kg L.W., allotted within weight and sex to a randomized complete experimental design, were fed diets supplemented with different CLA levels: 0.5% lard (C), 0....

The effect of vitamin D source and time of feeding 25-OH vitamin D3 (HyD r ) on broiler production efficiency and carcass composition was studied. The first hydroxylation of vitamin D in the liver results in 25-OH vitamin D3 (25-OHD3); providing dietary 25-OHD3 to the bird reduces the need for this hydroxylation, potentially allowing for a more efficient use of vitamin D. The dietary treatments...

The recycling of rendered animal products back into the feed of ruminant livestock species has had a positive impact both on the efficiency of livestock production and the availability of meat and milk for consumers at an affordable price. Rendered animal products are distinguished by a high protein content containing amino acids that resist microbial degradation in the rumen, and for extracted...